specwizard：用于从流体动力学模拟生成合成吸收光谱的公开Python框架
specwizard: A Public Python Framework for Creating Synthetic Absorption Spectra from Hydrodynamical Simulations
AI总结：
specwizard是一款公开Python框架，可从流体动力学模拟生成合成吸收光谱，经EAGLE模拟验证能准确再现莱曼α森林关键观测诊断，还可推断电离背景振幅演化且与理论结果高度吻合。
摘要：
我们推出specwizard，这是一个公开可用的模块化Python包，用于从流体动力学模拟生成合成吸收光谱。该代码将美国国家标准与技术研究院（NIST）数据库的原子数据，与使用CLOUDY光谱合成代码针对多个电离背景计算的电离分数相结合，实现对所有离子共振跃迁的束缚-束缚和束缚-自由吸收的一致建模。specwizard采用守恒柱密度的投影方案，包含莱曼系列的自然线宽，并提供仪器分辨率和噪声的可选处理，以便直接与高分辨率类星体光谱进行比较。作为该代码的示例应用，我们通过EAGLE宇宙学模拟投射视线，生成z=3.2的合成类星体光谱，其中包含H I莱曼系列跃迁，包括阻尼翼和莱曼限吸收。此外，我们计算探测模拟星系的星系际介质的金属吸收线，并研究H I与Si III的相关吸收。我们证明，将specwizard应用于EAGLE的输出可准确再现莱曼α森林的关键观测诊断，包括平均透射率的红移演化、透射率概率密度函数（PDF）和透射率功率谱。我们利用EAGLE模拟也再现了测得的温度-密度关系演化这一事实，推断出电离背景振幅的演化，发现其与近期理论模型和测量结果高度吻合。
英文摘要：
We present specwizard, a publicly available modular Python package for generating synthetic absorption spectra from hydrodynamical simulations. The code combines atomic data from the National Institute of Standards and Technology database with ionisation fractions computed using the cloudy spectral synthesis code for multiple ionising backgrounds, enabling consistent modelling of bound--bound and bound--free absorption for resonant transitions of all ions. specwizard employs a column-density--conserving projection scheme, includes natural line broadening for the Lyman series, and offers optional treatments of instrumental resolution and noise for direct comparison with high-resolution quasar spectra. As example applications of the code, we shoot sightlines through the eagle cosmological simulation to generate a z = 3.2 synthetic quasar spectrum containing H i Lyman-series transitions, including damping wings and Lyman-limit absorption. Additionally, we compute metal-absorption lines probing the circumgalactic medium of simulated galaxies, and investigate the correlated absorption of H i and Si iii. We demonstrate that specwizard applied to outputs from eagle accurately reproduces key observational diagnostics of the Lyman-alpha forest, including the redshift evolution of the mean transmission, the transmission PDF and the transmission power spectrum. We take advantage of the fact that the eagle simulation also reproduces the measured evolution of the temperature-density relation to infer the evolution of the amplitude of the ionizing background, finding excellent agreement with recent theoretical models and measurements.
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