arXiv 2610.134822026-10-12physics.chem-ph

揭示石墨纳米碳结构、缺陷及表面官能团对LiTFSI电解质中超级电容性能的影响

Unveiling the Influence of Graphitic Nanocarbon Structures, Defects, and Surface Functional Groups on Supercapacitive Performance in LiTFSI Electrolyte

Sirindhorn International Institute of Technology, Thammasat University（诗琳通国际理工学院，坦布拉大学）；Université de Haute-Alsace, Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse (IS2M), CNRS UMR 7361（上阿尔萨斯大学，米卢斯材料科学研究所 (IS2M)，法国国家科学研究中心 UMR 7361）；Université de Strasbourg（斯特拉斯堡大学）；Réseau sur le Stockage Electrochimique de l’Energie (RS2E), CNRS FR3459（电化学储能网络 (RS2E)，法国国家科学研究中心 FR3459）；International Research and Education Center for Element Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Gunma University（群马大学理学院元素科学国际研究与教育中心）；Division of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Rajamangala University of Technology Krungthep（曼谷皇家理工大学工程学院化学工程系）

Phongphot Sakulaue, Bénédicte Réty, Takafumi Ishii, Camelia Matei Ghimbeu, Khanin Nueangnoraj

发表信息：: Batteries \& Supercaps, 2026, 9 (2)

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AI总结：

本研究探究碳结构、缺陷及表面官能团对LiTFSI电解质中超级电容性能的影响，通过改性碳材料明确碳微观结构与电化学行为的关联，为高性能超级电容器碳电极设计提供依据。

摘要：

在研究超级电容器（SCs）性能时，发现其具备高功率密度和长寿命的优势，但容量与能量密度存在局限。盐水电解质即21 mol/L双三氟甲磺酰亚胺锂（LiTFSI），相比稀水溶液能拓宽电化学窗口，为上述问题提供了解决方案。尽管已有大量研究致力于改进这类电解质，但碳材料特性对储能的影响仍未得到充分探索。本研究探究了碳结构、缺陷及表面官能团对LiTFSI电解质中超级电容性能的影响。为此，合成了一系列碳材料，包括碳纳米洋葱和多孔导电炭黑（ENSACO），并通过氧化和还原热处理对其进行系统改性。研究结果表明，更高的比表面积和活性表面积可改善离子吸附与电容，而特定的氧官能团（如羧基和酸酐基团）能显著提升电容。此外，结晶度和石墨特性也会影响电容，较小的石墨烯畴区和更高的无序度可促进离子存储。该研究证实了碳微观结构与电化学行为之间存在直接关联，为高性能SCs中碳电极的合理设计提供了见解。

英文摘要：

When investigating the performance of supercapacitors (SCs), it was found that they offer high-power density and long life but are limited in capacity and energy density. Water-in-salt electrolytes, i.e., 21___m lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide (LiTFSI), offer a solution by expanding the electrochemical window compared to a diluted aqueous environment. While significant research has been dedicated to improving these electrolytes, the impact of carbon properties on energy storage remains relatively underexplored. This study investigated the influence of carbon structures, defects, and surface functional groups on supercapacitive performance in LiTFSI electrolytes. For this purpose, a series of carbon materials, including carbon nano-onions and porous conductive carbon black (ENSACO), were synthesized and systematically modified by oxidative and reductive thermal treatments. Our results indicated that higher specific surface area and active surface area improve the ion adsorption and capacitance, while specific oxygen functionalities, such as carboxylic and anhydride groups, were found to significantly enhance capacitance. Furthermore, crystallinity and graphitic characteristics play a role in capacitance, with smaller graphene domains and greater disorder promoting ion storage. The study demonstrates a direct correlation between carbon microstructure and electrochemical behavior, providing insights into the rational design of carbon electrodes in high-performance SCs.

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