发表机构
Princeton University（普林斯顿大学）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
本研究为普林斯顿轴子搜寻实验表征其圆柱腔，结合扰动法推导场模式，验证了腔结构与模拟吻合，为未来亚μeV轴子搜寻提供支撑。
AI 中文摘要
普林斯顿轴子搜寻（PXS）以DFSZ灵敏度为目标，针对的质量窗口为0.8至2.1 μeV（对应频率200至500 MHz）。该实验为一种 haloscope（ haloscope 即轴子 haloscope，轴子 haloscope 是用于轴子搜寻的装置），将使用直径700 mm、高度1022 mm的镀铜铝制圆柱腔，浸没在5 T的螺线管磁场中。一根直径152 mm、贯穿腔高度的调谐棒旋转，以将主模式共振调谐至390至480 MHz，这是初始运行的频率范围。我们通过在空腔上结合介质珠和金属珠扰动来推导电场和磁场模式的图案。测量得到的模式频率以及TM₀₁₀场分布随调谐棒位置的变化，与模拟结果高度吻合。我们描述了制造和装配缺陷的影响，包括端板的弯曲和调谐棒的倾斜。焊接缝和端盖连接处被证明不会显著降低品质因数Q。我们结合测量和模拟，评估了整个调谐范围内形状因子的不确定性。我们的结果验证了PXS的腔结构，并为未来搜寻亚μeV轴子提供了依据，此类搜寻需要大体积、高Q的结构以达到QCD灵敏度。
英文摘要
The Princeton Axion Search (PXS) targets the mass window $0.8\text{--}2.1~μ\text{eV}$ (corresponding to frequencies $200\text{--}500~\text{MHz}$) at DFSZ sensitivity. The experiment, a haloscope, will use a cylindrical copper-plated aluminum cavity of $700~\text{mm}$ diameter and $1022~\text{mm}$ height, immersed in a $5~\text{T}$ solenoidal magnetic field. A $152~\text{mm}$ diameter tuning rod spanning the height of the cavity rotates to tune the primary mode resonance from $390\text{--}480~\text{MHz}$, the frequency range for initial operations. We deduce the electric and magnetic field mode patterns using a combination of dielectric and metallic bead perturbations on the empty cavity. The measured mode frequencies and the $\text{TM}_{010}$ field profile, as a function of tuning rod position, are in excellent agreement with simulations. We describe the effect of fabrication and assembly imperfections, including the bowing of end plates and tilt of the tuning rod. The welded seams and end-cap joints are demonstrated to not significantly degrade $Q$. We combine measurement and simulation to assess an uncertainty on form factor across the full tuning range. Our results validate PXS's cavity architecture and inform future searches for sub-$μ\text{eV}$ axions, in which large-volume high-$Q$ structures are required to reach QCD sensitivity.
Comments11 pages, 10 figures
