发表机构
University of Geneva; University of Bern（日内瓦大学; 伯尔尼大学）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
研究人员开发了Gen-EBM一维能量平衡模型，探究行星自转、偏心率等对类地行星气候多稳定性的影响，该模型可高效探索多类气候，连接简单模型与三维环流模型。
AI 中文摘要
气候多稳定性与临界点是行星气候的基本属性，对气候反馈具有敏感依赖性。我们推出了日内瓦能量平衡模型（Geneva Energy Balance Model，Gen-EBM），这是一款用于快速探索类地行星气候的一维纬度能量平衡模型（EBM），并利用它研究行星自转、轨道偏心率和热惯性如何塑造气候吸引子与多稳定性。Gen-EBM 采用 Rust 语言实现，在先前系外行星 EBM 的基础上，纳入了依赖温度的长波出射辐射方案，该方案涵盖类地行星、失控起始及后失控温室气候 regime。我们通过模拟集合构建分岔图，探究自转速率、平均通量近似下的轨道偏心率以及地表热惯性的影响。纳入后失控温室状态大幅扩大了多种气候状态共存的参数空间。在我们的模型框架内，慢速自转行星趋近空间均匀极限，维持更宽的温带稳定范围；而快速自转行星则形成强烈的赤道-极地温度梯度，缩小温带分支。在平均通量近似下，偏心率增大可提升气候变率并改变吸引子结构本身。温带气候消失的临界偏心率强烈依赖热惯性，富水行星比以陆地为主的行星能在更大偏心率下保持稳定。因此，Gen-EBM 将快速参数空间探索拓展至涵盖温带、失控起始及后失控 regime 的气候，其计算效率与灵活性使其成为简单气候模型与三维大气环流模型之间的宝贵桥梁。
英文摘要
Climate multistability and tipping points are fundamental properties of planetary climates that depend sensitively on climate feedbacks. We introduce the Geneva Energy Balance Model (Gen-EBM), a new 1-D latitudinal EBM for rapid exploration of terrestrial planet climates, and use it to investigate how planetary rotation, eccentricity, and thermal inertia shape climate attractors and multistability. Gen-EBM is implemented in Rust and builds on previous exoplanet EBMs by incorporating a temperature-dependent outgoing longwave radiation prescription spanning Earth-like, runaway-onset, and post-runaway greenhouse regimes. We construct bifurcation diagrams from ensembles of simulations and explore the effects of rotation rate, orbital eccentricity under the mean-flux approximation, and surface thermal inertia. Including post-runaway greenhouse states substantially enlarges the parameter space over which multiple climate states coexist. Within our model framework, slow rotators approach the spatially homogeneous limit and maintain broader temperate stability ranges, whereas fast rotators develop strong equator-to-pole temperature gradients that narrow the temperate branch. Under the mean-flux approximation, increasing eccentricity enhances climate variability and can alter the attractor structure itself. The critical eccentricity at which temperate climates disappear depends strongly on thermal inertia, with ocean-rich planets remaining stable to larger eccentricities than land-dominated planets. Gen-EBM therefore broadens rapid parameter-space exploration to climates spanning temperate, runaway-onset, and post-runaway regimes. Its computational efficiency and flexibility make it a valuable bridge between simple climate models and 3-D general circulation models.
Comments18 pages, 14 figures. Accepted for publication in A&A
