发表机构
CEA, IRFM; Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik（法国原子能委员会，聚变研究设施; 马克斯·普朗克等离子体物理研究所）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
该研究介绍WEST装置的先进壁保护系统，其结合基础监测与AI技术，通过主动控制和事后分析保障壁安全，助力实现1337秒等离子体持续时间记录，未发生关键壁功率事件。
AI 中文摘要
磁约束聚变装置的长脉冲运行需要对排 divertor（偏滤器）和壁的等离子体功率 exhaust（排出）进行良好控制，并避免可能发展为壁损伤的壁热点。在WEST装置中，基于多个诊断系统，通过10组温度/功率指示器对10个主要面对等离子体的组件进行监测，其中红外观测系统尤为重要。这些指示器涵盖从确定性模型得到的最基础参数（温度、功率和能量）到通过机器学习获取的人工智能高级过程。部分高级过程可实时运行，并通过等离子体控制系统对功率执行器进行反馈，提供主动控制以保持在安全运行范围内。其他高级过程则作为放电后的事后分析工具，用于识别壁功率负载相关的潜在危险情况，从而调整放电运行计划以避免加剧壁事件。在2024-2025年的C9至C11 campaign（实验 campaign）期间，总计约13小时的等离子体运行中，未发生影响实验计划的关键壁功率事件。虽然无法证明主动智能壁保护促成了1337秒的新等离子体持续时间记录，但整体壁保护系统通过防止壁热点在实验期间发展为关键状态，合理地助力获得了这些持续时间记录。
英文摘要
Long pulse operation in magnetic fusion devices requires well controlled plasma power exhaust to the divertor \& wall, and avoidance of wall hot spots that could evolve in wall damage. At WEST, 10 major plasma facing components are monitored using 10 series of temperature/power indicators, based on multiple diagnostic systems, among which the infrared viewing system is especially relevant. These indicators span from the most basic ones (temperatures, power and energy from deterministic models) to advanced processes using artificial intelligence acquired through machine learning. Some advanced processes do operate in real time, and feedback on power actuators through the plasma control system, providing active control toward remaining within the safe operational domain. Other advanced processes intervene as forensic tools post discharge to identify possible dangerous situations regarding the power loading to the wall, so that the discharge run plan is adjusted to avoid running into aggravating wall events. No critical wall power event happened during the campaigns C9 to C11 (2024-2025), totalling about 13h of plasma, that would have affected the campaign plan. While it cannot be demonstrated that the active \& intelligent wall protection enabled the new plasma duration record of 1337 seconds, the wall protection system as a whole plausibly contributed to obtaining these record durations by preventing wall hot spots to become critical during the campaigns.
Journal refNuclear Fusion, 2026, 66 (12), pp.126042
