发表机构
Dalian University of Technology; Southern Medical University; Peking University; National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Lanzhou University（大连理工大学; 南方医科大学; 北京大学; 中国科学院国家天文台; 兰州大学）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
该研究利用5个致密双星事件的引力波数据，通过频域贝叶斯分析检验额外维度的引力波偏振，发现GR参考点均在90%最高后验密度区域内，为相关理论提供观测约束。
AI 中文摘要
额外空间维度在四维广义相对论（GR）之外的理论中自然出现，但仍缺乏直接观测证据。引力波提供了一种独特的探测手段：投影到可观测的三维空间子空间会产生表观的张量、矢量和标量偏振。我们考虑一个额外空间维度和一个双模张量波假设，其中投影偏振分量是相同两个基础GR张量波形的固定线性组合，这些分量通过标准探测器天线图案进入测量应变。我们对5个致密双星事件进行频域贝叶斯分析，约束两种非对易旋转排序的两个旋转角，这两种排序保持在观测子空间内的传播；对GW250114进一步分析允许倾斜进入额外维度的4种排序，两角度拟合中GR的最大分位数Q_GR≈0.6%，边际化第三角后的三角度拟合中Q^marg_GR≈4.6%；在全部事件样本中，GR参考点在每种情况下都位于估计的90%最高后验密度区域内。
英文摘要
Extra spatial dimensions arise naturally in theories beyond four-dimensional general relativity (GR), but direct observational evidence remains elusive. Gravitational waves offer a distinctive probe: geometric projection onto the observable three-dimensional spatial subspace can produce apparent tensor, vector, and scalar polarizations. We consider one additional spatial dimension and a two-mode tensor-wave ansatz for which the projected polarization components are fixed linear combinations of the same two underlying GR tensor waveforms. These components enter the measured strain through the standard detector antenna patterns. A frequency-domain Bayesian analysis of five compact-binary events constrains two rotation angles for two noncommuting orderings of rotations that preserve propagation within the observed subspace. Two events are further analyzed for four orderings that allow propagation to tilt into the extra dimension. For GW250114, the maximum GR quantiles among the tested rotation orderings are $Q_{\mathrm{GR}}\simeq0.6\%$ for the two-angle fits and $Q^{\mathrm{marg}}_{\mathrm{GR}}\simeq4.6\%$ for the three-angle fits after marginalizing over the third angle. Across the full event sample, the GR reference point lies inside the estimated 90% highest-posterior-density region in every case.
Comments12 pages, 2 figures, 3 tables
