利用TESS食双星的本征多重性约束探测大质量恒星的形成
Probing Massive Star Formation with Intrinsic Multiplicity Constraints from TESS Eclipsing Binaries
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中文总结 AI 辅助
本研究结合TESS、Gaia DR3及2MASS数据，通过偏差校正分析食双星样本，约束宽质量范围的大质量双星形成，发现低质量段与盘碎裂迁移理论吻合，高质量段极短周期系统缺失，双星性质无突变。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
大质量恒星作为超新星、中子星、黑洞和引力波源的前身星，在恒星与星系演化中扮演核心角色。尽管其重要性突出，但大质量双星的主导形成机制仍缺乏观测约束。本研究旨在利用大样本、同质性的食双星，对宽主星质量范围内的双星形成过程进行观测约束，并检验各类形成场景的预测结果。我们结合来自TESS的测光时序列数据、盖亚DR3的距离测量数据以及2MASS的近红外测光数据，分析了全天范围内的食双星样本。通过考虑观测和几何选择效应，我们推导了不同质量区间内双星比例及轨道参数分布的偏差校正估计值，覆盖主星质量从1.1倍太阳质量（Msun）到47倍太阳质量的系统，得到了偏差校正后的双星比例、轨道周期及半径-间距比分布。对于主星质量不超过5 Msun的系统，观测分布与盘碎裂后迁移形成的系统理论预测吻合良好；而在更高质量范围内，我们观测到极短周期系统较理论预期明显缺失，尽管该范围也受数据完整性不足的影响。总体而言，观测性质在整个主星质量范围内呈现逐渐过渡的特征，在本样本可及的轨道周期范围内，结果并不要求F型与O型恒星间的双星性质存在突变，观测到的连续性与盘碎裂后迁移在宽恒星质量范围内起作用的情况一致，不过现有数据未唯一确定该形成路径，其他形成通道也可能有贡献。
英文摘要
Massive stars play a central role in stellar and galactic evolution as progenitors of supernovae, neutron stars, black holes, and gravitational wave sources. Despite their importance, the dominant formation mechanisms of massive binaries remain poorly constrained observationally. We aim to use a large, homogeneous sample of eclipsing binaries to observationally constrain binary formation across a wide range of primary masses and test predictions from various formation scenarios. We combine photometric time series data from TESS with distance measurements from Gaia DR3 and near infrared photometry from 2MASS to analyze an all-sky sample of eclipsing binaries. By accounting for observational and geometric selection effects, we derive bias corrected estimates of the binary fractions and orbital parameter distributions across different mass bins. We derive bias corrected binary fractions and bias corrected distributions of orbital period and radius-to-separation ratio for systems spanning primary masses from 1.1 Msun to 47 Msun. For primary masses up to 5 Msun, the observed distributions show close agreement with theoretical predictions for systems formed via disk fragmentation followed by migration. At higher masses, we observe an apparent deficit of very short period systems relative to theoretical expectations, although this regime is also expected to be affected by incompleteness. Overall, the observed properties exhibit a gradual transition across the full range of primary masses. Within the orbital period range accessible to our sample, the results do not require a sharp transition in binary properties between F- and O-type stars. The observed continuity is consistent with disk fragmentation followed by migration acting across a broad range of stellar masses, although the present data do not uniquely require this formation pathway and alternative channels may also contribute.
发表机构
- KU Leuven（荷语鲁汶大学）
- Radboud University Nijmegen（奈梅亨拉德堡德大学）
- Max Planck Institute for Astronomy（马克斯·普朗克天文学研究所）
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