发表机构
Institute for Photon Science and Synchrotron Radiation, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT); Technical Chemistry I and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen; ESRF（光子科学与同步辐射研究所，卡尔斯鲁厄理工学院; 杜伊斯堡-埃森大学技术化学I与纳米集成杜伊斯堡-埃森中心; 欧洲同步辐射光源）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
本研究以水中金胶体的皮秒激光脉冲光激发为例，通过量化多参数构建反应图谱，明确了液体中激光诱导金胶体的加热、熔化、气泡形成及碎裂过程，可制备用于多领域的纳米团簇。
AI 中文摘要
脉冲激光辐照液体中的吸收性胶体，会产生高度非平衡物质态，这些物质态通过热与非热耗散通道的特定路径弛豫。这些通道的结构指纹可通过超快原位X射线散射方法探测，并根据激发延迟时间、激发密度或具体的激光 fluence 进行分类。本研究以水中金胶体在400 nm带间吸收带处的皮秒激光脉冲光激发为例，通过量化晶格温度、结晶分数、颗粒尺寸以及纳米颗粒周围水的结构响应，构建了一张反应图谱，该图谱可明确确定加热、颗粒熔化、水气泡形成，最终形成尺寸主要小于3 nm的纳米团簇，用于诊疗学、光子学或催化领域。
英文摘要
Excitation of absorbing colloids in liquid by pulsed laser irradiation creates highly non-equilibrium states of matter that relax via defined pathways of thermal and non-thermal dissipation channels. The structural fingerprint of these channels can be probed by ultrafast {\it in situ} x-ray scattering methods and classified as a function of temporal delay of excitation excitation density, or specifically laser fluence. We study the example of photo-excitation of a gold colloid by picosecond laser pulses at the interband absorption band at 400 nm in water. By quantifying lattice temperature, crystalline fraction, particle sizes and the structural response of the water around the nanoparticles a reaction map is constructed that allows to pinpoint heating, particle melting, water bubble formation and finally particle fragmentation to form nanoclusters of predominant sizes of < 3 nm for applications in theranostics, photonics or catalysis.
