发表机构
INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico d’Abruzzo; INFN-Sezione di Roma; Universidad de Granada; Université de la Côte d’Azur, Observatoire de la Côte d’Azur, CNRS, Laboratoire Lagrange(意大利国家天体物理研究所阿布鲁佐天文台; 意大利国家核物理研究所罗马分部; 格拉纳达大学; 蔚蓝海岸大学、蔚蓝海岸天文台、法国国家科学研究中心拉格朗日实验室)
机构由 AI 辅助整理,请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
本研究提出一种基于红巨星分支恒星氧同位素比值的新方法,用于估算疏散星系团的质量与年龄,对多个星系团的分析结果与独立测量值吻合,为银河系考古学提供关键工具。
AI 中文摘要
在恒星天体物理学中,确定疏散星系团(OCs)精确且均匀的绝对年龄仍然是一项挑战,这主要是由于测光方法中存在参数简并以及视线方向消光的问题。我们提出了一种估算中等年龄和年老疏散星系团年龄的新方法,该方法基于首次 dredge-up(第一 dredge-up,恒星演化中的首次表层物质混合过程)后红巨星分支(RGB)恒星表面氧同位素比值¹⁶O/¹⁷O对初始质量的强依赖性,而该比值可通过测量获得。利用使用FuNS代码计算的更新后的理论恒星模型,我们展示了首次 dredge-up(FDU)后的CNO同位素丰度如何反映恒星的初始质量。我们分析了属于4个银河系疏散星系团的11颗红巨星分支恒星的高分辨率近红外光谱。对于中等年龄星系团NGC 7789、NGC 7044和NGC 6819,我们分别得出年龄为1.80 Ga、1.81 Ga和2.31 Ga。对于NGC 6819中的两颗恒星,得出的初始恒星质量(1.625 M☉)与星震学和食双星的独立估算值非常吻合。相反,通过训练以识别星系团CMD(色-星等图)中特定特征的机器学习算法估算出的年龄则系统性偏低。对于年老且超金属丰度的星系团NGC 6791,低信噪比和可能的谱线混叠阻碍了精确的质量和年龄约束。受这些限制影响,我们只能确定其年龄的下限约为4 Ga。红巨星分支恒星的表面氧同位素比值提供了一种强大、独立的恒星时钟,使得氧同位素的高分辨率近红外光谱成为银河系考古学的关键工具。
英文摘要
Determining precise and homogeneous absolute ages of open clusters (OCs) remains a challenge in stellar astrophysics, mainly due to parameter degeneracies in photometric methods and line-of-sight extinctions. We present a novel method for estimating the ages of intermediate-age and old OCs, based on the strong initial-mass dependence of the surface oxygen isotopic ratio, 16O/17O, measured in RGB stars following the first dredge-up. Using updated theoretical stellar models computed with the FuNS code, we demonstrate how post-FDU CNO isotopic abundances reflect initial stellar masses. We analysed high-resolution near-infrared spectra for 11 RGB stars belonging to four Galactic OCs. For the intermediate-age clusters NGC 7789, NGC 7044, and NGC 6819, we derive ages of 1.80, 1.81, and 2.31 Ga, respectively. For the two stars in NGC 6819 the derived initial stellar mass (1.625 Mo) and age are in excellent agreement with independent estimates from asteroseismology and eclipsing binaries. Conversely, ages estimated by means of machine learning algorithms, trained to recognise specific features in the cluster CMDs, are systematically lower. Regarding the old and super-metal-rich cluster NGC 6791, the low signal-to-noise ratio and the possible line blending hinder precise mass and age constraints. With these limitations, we can only fix a lower bound of about 4 Ga for its age. The surface oxygen isotopic ratio in RGB stars provides a powerful, independent stellar clock, making high-resolution near-infrared spectroscopy of oxygen isotopes a key tool for Galactic archaeology.
Comments11 pages, 7 figures, submitted to Astronomy & Astrophysics