发表机构
Ritsumeikan University（立命馆大学）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
本研究提出一种计算框架，通过FFT、MFCCs等音频特征分析水琴窟的声学轮廓，对日本关西9处水琴窟的录音分析显示其各有独特特征，为水琴窟的系统表征与数字保存提供了实用基础。
AI 中文摘要
水琴窟是部分隐蔽的声学装置，传统上安装在日本寺庙园林的石制水钵（蹲踞）旁。尽管此前研究已探讨其物理声学特性与文化意义，但用于记录和比较其声学特征的计算方法仍未得到充分探索。本探索性研究提出一种计算框架，用于通过现场录音提取的频谱和时域音频特征分析水琴窟。该框架不估算单个水琴窟的物理几何结构，而是利用一组多维计算描述符表征其声学轮廓，从而实现不同地点和装置录音间的系统比较。研究人员对日本关西地区寺庙、神社和园林中9处水琴窟的录音进行分析，采用的特征提取流程包含快速傅里叶变换（FFT）、梅尔频率倒谱系数（MFCCs）、均方根（RMS）能量、频谱质心、频谱带宽及频谱对比度。提取的特征表明，尽管水琴窟具有大致相似的频谱和音色特征，但每处都呈现出可测量的独特声学轮廓；对场地内和场地间变异性的补充分析显示，这些轮廓反映的是有限范围的特征共振行为，而非固定的声学特征。所提出的框架提供了首批用于系统表征和比较水琴窟的计算方法之一，为未来研究及这种独特日本环境设计形式的数字保存奠定了实用基础。
英文摘要
Suikinkutsu are partially concealed acoustic devices traditionally installed adjacent to stone water basins (tsukubai) in Japanese temple gardens. While previous research has examined their physical acoustics and cultural significance, computational methods for documenting and comparing their acoustic characteristics remain underexplored. This exploratory study introduces a computational framework for analyzing suikinkutsu using spectral and temporal audio features extracted from field recordings. Rather than estimating the physical geometry of individual suikinkutsu, the framework characterizes their acoustic profiles using a multidimensional set of computational descriptors, enabling systematic comparisons between recordings across different sites and installations. Audio recordings from nine suikinkutsu located at temples, shrines, and gardens in the Kansai region of Japan were analyzed using a feature-extraction pipeline that incorporates Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), Mel-Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (MFCCs), Root Mean Square (RMS) energy, spectral centroid, spectral bandwidth, and spectral contrast. The extracted features indicate that, although the suikinkutsu share broadly similar spectral and timbral characteristics, each exhibits a measurably distinct acoustic profile; a supplementary analysis of within-site and between-site variability suggests these profiles reflect a bounded range of characteristic resonant behaviour rather than a fixed acoustic signature. The proposed framework provides one of the first computational approaches for systematically characterizing and comparing suikinkutsu, contributing a practical foundation for future research and the digital preservation of this distinctive form of Japanese environmental design.
