发表机构
School of Biomedical Engineering, Medical School, Shenzhen University; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging; Pengcheng Laboratory; The Chinese University of Hong Kong; Shenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital（深圳大学医学院生物医学工程学院; 广东省生物医学测量与超声成像重点实验室; 鹏城实验室; 香港中文大学; 深圳市妇幼保健院）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
本研究结合多模态技术与可解释深度学习，发现NSSI青少年在社交疼痛下的情绪-动作脑状态耦合受损，为NSSI客观识别提供了神经特征。
AI 中文摘要
非自杀性自伤（NSSI）在抑郁青少年中普遍存在，但将社交痛苦与适应不良行为联系起来的快速脑状态动态仍不清楚。本研究结合实验疼痛范式、脑电图（EEG）微状态分析和可解释深度序列建模，调查了106名抑郁青少年（其中67名患有NSSI，记为DN+；39名未患NSSI，记为DN-）在社交疼痛、身体疼痛和静息状态下与NSSI相关的神经动态。整合疾病特异性、领域对抗、一致性和对比学习的模型捕捉微状态序列中的高阶依赖关系。社交疼痛产生最强的NSSI区分度，准确率达68.55%，比最佳基线高出8.94个百分点。模型解释和常规微状态分析显示，DN+青少年在社交疼痛期间MS3与MS5之间的双向转换减弱。源重建将MS3与情绪/内感受处理关联，MS5与动作准备关联，表明情绪-动作耦合被破坏。时间分辨分析显示，DN+青少年有更多早期至中期动作状态招募和后期情绪状态招募。在DN-青少年中，MS5到MS3的动态介导社交评价敏感性与情感结果的关联，而这种介导在DN+中不存在；相反，MS3到MS5的转换与DN+中更大的负性情感相关。这些发现共同确定，情绪-动作耦合破坏是NSSI青少年社交疼痛处理改变的关键神经动态机制，为NSSI的客观识别提供了具有机制可解释性的神经特征。
英文摘要
Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) is prevalent among adolescents with depression, but the rapid brain-state dynamics linking social distress to maladaptive behavior remain unclear. We combine an experimental pain paradigm, electroencephalography (EEG) microstate analysis, and interpretable deep sequence modeling to investigate NSSI-related neurodynamics in 106 adolescents with depression, including 67 with NSSI (DN+) and 39 without NSSI (DN-), during social pain, physical pain, and resting-state conditions. A model integrating disease-specific, domain-adversarial, consistency, and contrastive learning captures higher-order dependencies in microstate sequences. Social pain yields the strongest NSSI discrimination, with 68.55% accuracy, outperforming the best baseline by 8.94% points. Model interpretation and conventional microstate analyses reveal weakened bidirectional transitions between MS3 and MS5 in DN+ adolescents during social pain. Source reconstruction associates MS3 with emotional/interoceptive processing and MS5 with action preparation, suggesting disrupted emotion-action coupling. Time-resolved analyses show greater early-to-middle action-state recruitment and later emotion-state recruitment in DN+ adolescents. In DN- adolescents, MS5-to-MS3 dynamics mediate associations between social-evaluation sensitivity and affective outcomes, whereas this mediation is absent in DN+; conversely, MS3-to-MS5 transitions are associated with greater negative affect in DN+. Together, these findings identify disrupted emotion-action coupling as a key neurodynamic mechanism underlying altered social pain processing in adolescents with NSSI, providing a mechanistically interpretable neural signature for objective identification of NSSI.
