发表机构
Harbin Engineering University; Central South University; Minnan University of Sciences and Technology; Zhejiang University（哈尔滨工程大学; 中南大学; 闽南理工学院; 浙江大学）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
本研究提出量子资源分层评估的双重基准框架，以可达边界与操作等价性为核心，实现策略依赖与独立的性能量化，在资源管理及纠缠研究中展现实用价值。
AI 中文摘要
传统量子资源理论是相对于理想化的自由态集合来量化效用的，而实际的实现则局限于特定的供给环境——该框架涵盖了当前实验装置和设计选择所能实现或制备的所有态，并不限于自由态。本研究提出了一种新框架，用于根据当前选择可及的资源集评估任意量子态的相对效用。我们特别关注两种典型表示：通过自由操作可达的态集合，作为当前实验约束施加的可达边界；以及通过数值优化定义的集合，作为操作等价性的判据。我们的框架确立了两种核心评估方法：第一，提供一种依赖于策略的基准，通过在单个优化策略下评估态相对于参考集的性能，从而量化可实现的性能；第二，通过单独考虑每个态的最优策略，推导该优越性的可计算下界，从而量化不依赖于特定实验设置的、与策略无关的相对性能。除相对效率度量外，我们还证明了该方法在资源管理场景中的实际效用，包括选择性提取有利于存储和分发的态，以及浓缩剩余资源。以量子纠缠为范例，我们证明当参考集限制为纯态时，可蒸馏纠缠可通过提取和浓缩完全恢复，从而证明了我们框架的实际相关性。
英文摘要
While conventional quantum resource theories quantify utility relative to an idealized set of free states, practical implementations are confined to a specific supply environment---a framework encompassing all states realizable or preparable via current experimental apparatus and design choices, not limited to free states. This work proposes a novel framework for evaluating the relative utility of arbitrary quantum states against the resource set made accessible by these current selections. We specifically focus our investigation on two canonical representations: the set of states reachable via free operations as the attainable boundary imposed by current experimental constraints, and the set defined through numerical optimization as the criterion for operational equivalence. Our framework establishes two core evaluation methodologies. First, we provide a strategy-dependent benchmark by assessing a state's performance relative to the reference set under its individually optimized strategy, thereby quantifying achievable performance. Second, we derive a computable lower bound on this superiority by considering optimal strategies for each state individually, enabling the quantification of strategy-independent relative performance independent of specific experimental setups. Beyond relative efficiency metrics, we demonstrate the practical utility of this approach for resource management scenarios, including the selective extraction of states advantageous for storage and distribution, and the concentration of residual resources. Using quantum entanglement as a paradigmatic example, we prove that distillable entanglement can be fully recovered via extraction and concentration when the reference set is restricted to pure states, thereby demonstrating the practical relevance of our framework.
Comments13 pages, 2 figures
