发表机构
Stanford University; SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory（斯坦福大学; SLAC国家加速器实验室）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
本研究通过超导量子比特与纳米机械谐振器的色散耦合，采用对准转移印刷技术实现高保真度单声子态制备，观测到宏观振动物体的量子跃迁，验证了量子力学的离散性预言。
AI 中文摘要
量子力学预言，振动物体的能量以离散的量子包形式存在，但对其位置的任何测量都无法揭示这种离散性。要分辨单个能级，需要采用性质截然不同的测量方式，即耦合到谐振器的能量而非其位移。我们利用超导量子比特与纳米机械谐振器的色散耦合，对声子数进行重复的量子非破坏测量。采用将量子比特与谐振器集成的对准转移印刷技术，我们获得了2.1毫秒的机械寿命T₁，以及每个声子对应328千赫兹的色散位移2χ/2π。我们以85%的保真度预示了单声子态，并观测到谐振器第一激发态与基态之间的量子跃迁。这些不连续的跃迁是量子力学在宏观振动物体中引人注目的体现。
英文摘要
Quantum mechanics predicts that a vibrating object's energy comes in discrete packets, yet no measurement of its position reveals this discreteness. Resolving individual energy levels requires a qualitatively different measurement, one coupling to the resonator's energy rather than its displacement. We use a superconducting qubit dispersively coupled to a nanomechanical resonator to perform repeated quantum nondemolition measurements of the phonon number. An aligned transfer-print technique integrating the qubit and resonator yields a mechanical lifetime of $T_1 = 2.1$ milliseconds and a dispersive shift of $2χ/2π= 328$ kilohertz per phonon. We heralded single-phonon states with 85% fidelity and observed quantum jumps between the resonator's first excited state and ground state. These discontinuous transitions are a striking manifestation of quantum mechanics in a massive, vibrating object.
Comments12 pages, 11 figures
Journal refTakuma Makihara et al., Quantum jumps of sound. Science 393, 1217-1220 (2026)
