发表机构
Department of Physics, Harvard University; Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Institute of Advanced Intelligence and Computing (IAIC), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR)（哈佛大学物理系; 麻省理工学院电子研究实验室; 先进智能与计算研究所（IAIC），科学技术研究局（A*STAR））
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
本研究提出基于费米子碱土原子的量子模拟架构，可实现多轨道材料哈密顿量关键组分的可编程控制，以双层镍酸盐La₃Ni₂O₇的四带哈密顿量为基准验证了该架构的可行性，为构建可编程超冷原子量子模拟器提供了通用途径。
AI 中文摘要
量子模拟的长期目标是忠实地重现关联量子材料的低能哈密顿量，建立固态实验、电子结构理论与可编程多体系统之间的直接联系。在此，我们介绍一种基于费米子碱土原子的集成量子模拟架构，该架构可实现对多轨道材料哈密顿量关键组分的可编程控制。长寿命的钟态编码合成轨道，其差分极化率产生轨道选择性隧穿，而接触相互作用提供多轨道哈伯德耦合与洪德耦合。超窄钟跃迁上的空间结构相干驱动进一步实现对称性选择性轨道间杂化，同时钟失谐独立控制轨道能量偏移。如此，即便原子本身仍处于最低光晶格能带的常规s波万尼尔轨道中，固态轨道的空间对称性也可直接编码到有效哈密顿量中。我们以双层镍酸盐La₃Ni₂O₇的四带低能哈密顿量作为苛刻基准，演示了所得的集成控制。自洽计算表明，从第一性原理建模得到的微观参数可在单一实验可实现的晶格构型中重现，并可在较大参数范围内独立编程。我们的结果确立了将材料衍生的多轨道哈密顿量转化为可编程超冷原子量子模拟器的通用途径。
英文摘要
A long-term goal of quantum simulation is to faithfully reproduce the low-energy Hamiltonians of correlated quantum materials, establishing a direct connection between solid-state experiment, electronic-structure theory, and programmable many-body systems. Here, we introduce an integrated quantum-simulation architecture based on fermionic alkaline-earth atoms that enables programmable control over the key ingredients of multi-orbital material Hamiltonians. Long-lived clock states encode synthetic orbitals, their differential polarizabilities generate orbital-selective tunneling, and contact interactions provide multi-orbital Hubbard and Hund couplings. Spatially structured coherent driving on the ultra-narrow clock transition further realizes symmetry-selective inter-orbital hybridization, while the clock detuning independently controls orbital energy offsets. In this way, the spatial symmetries of solid-state orbitals can be encoded directly into the effective Hamiltonian, even though the atoms themselves remain in conventional $s$-wave Wannier orbitals of the lowest optical-lattice bands. We demonstrate the resulting integrated control using the four-band low-energy Hamiltonian of the bilayer nickelate La$_3$Ni$_2$O$_7$ as a demanding benchmark. Self-consistent calculations show that the microscopic parameters obtained from first-principles modeling can be reproduced within a single experimentally accessible lattice configuration and independently programmed over substantial parameter ranges. Our results establish a general route for translating material-derived multi-orbital Hamiltonians into programmable ultracold-atom quantum simulators.
