发表机构
China Mobile Research Institute（中国移动研究院）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
本文综述像素天线编码技术，通过控制可重构天线配置解锁波束空间自由度，以提升无线通信的信道增益与复用增益，并探讨优化方法及未来挑战。
AI 中文摘要
传统无线通信系统采用具有固定辐射方向图的天线。通过增加天线数量来提升系统性能，将推高通信设备的成本和尺寸极限。为克服这一问题，迫切需要新型天线技术以突破基本性能瓶颈和工程限制。像素天线为高度可重构天线提供了一个通用框架，可通过控制跨相邻像素放置的可变集总元件来灵活调整辐射方向图，从而在波束空间域解锁新的自由度（DoF）。近期，一种新兴的天线编码技术将无线系统性能与天线配置联系起来，这使得利用像素天线通过从天线侧获取自由度来增强系统性能成为可能。本文对像素天线编码进行了全面综述。具体而言，基于像素天线模型，首先引入天线编码的概念，随后讨论天线编码的分类。重点介绍了信道增益和复用增益增强的两个案例，以展示天线编码在无线通信中的有效性。此外，研究了天线编码设计的多种优化方法。最后，概述了挑战与机遇，为未来工作提供指导。
英文摘要
Conventional wireless communication systems employ antennas with fixed radiation patterns. Enhancing system performance by increasing the number of antennas would push the limits of cost and size for communication devices. To overcome this issue, novel antenna technologies are urgently desired to break through the fundamental performance bottleneck and engineering limits. Pixel antennas provide a general framework for highly reconfigurable antennas, which can flexibly adjust radiation patterns via controlling variable lumped elements placed across adjacent pixels, unlocking novel degrees of freedom (DoF) in the beamspace domain. Recently, an emerging antenna coding technique links wireless system performance to the antenna configurations. This enables the use of pixel antennas to enhance system performance by leveraging the DoF from the antenna side. In this article, we provide a comprehensive overview on antenna coding by pixel antennas. Specifically, based on the pixel antenna model, the concept of antenna coding is firstly introduced, followed by a discussion on the classifications of antenna coding. Two cases for channel gain and multiplexing gain enhancement are highlighted to show the effectiveness of antenna coding in wireless communications. Besides, various optimization approaches for antenna coding design are investigated. Finally, the challenges and opportunities are outlined, providing guidance for future works.
