发表机构
Politecnico di Milano（米兰理工大学）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
本文论证AI编码智能体使软件工程和工程师更关键，指出LLM的结构性缺陷需通过方法论、领域、设计和过程四类知识杠杆来弥补，工程师在其中扮演核心角色。
AI 中文摘要
人工智能能否使软件工程（SE）——这门学科——过时？它能否使软件工程师——这些专业人士——变得多余？本文认为，强大的AI编码智能体的崛起使软件工程和软件工程师变得至关重要，而非过时：它们是缺失的基础，没有这个基础，AI辅助开发将产生看似合理、无法验证且最终不可信的软件。大型语言模型的三个结构性属性（概率生成、不可知论和语义无状态性）造成了结构性真空，任何数量的训练都无法消除。填补这一真空需要四个知识杠杆：方法论知识、领域知识、设计选择和过程选择。所有这四个都必须具体化为持久化工件，并且每一个都需要软件工程师作为方法论专家、调解者和守护者。
英文摘要
Can AI make Software Engineering (SE) -- the discipline -- obsolete? And can it make software engineers -- the professionals -- redundant? This paper argues that the rise of capable AI coding agents makes SE and software engineers essential, not obsolete: the missing foundation without which AI-assisted development produces misleadingly plausible, unverifiable, and ultimately untrustworthy software. Three structural properties of large language models (probabilistic generation, agnosticism, and semantic statelessness) create a structural vacuum that no amount of training can eliminate. Filling it requires four knowledge levers: methodological knowledge, domain knowledge, design choices, and process choices. All four must be reified as persistent artifacts, and each requires the software engineer as methodologist, mediator, and custodian.
CommentsAccepted for publication in Communications of the ACM. 5 pages
