发表机构
Quaid-i-Azam University（真纳大学）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
本研究通过数值模拟揭示多体原子系统中关联和相对熵对量子ergotropy的影响，发现部分纠缠态提供最大且持久的可提取功，为量子电池设计提供指导。
AI 中文摘要
我们研究了与量子化场相互作用的两能级原子多体系统中量子ergotropy的动力学。分析了多体量子互信息和量子相对熵的作用，以理解关联以及被动态与局域态乘积之间的可区分性如何影响可提取功。包含两到五个原子的系统的数值结果表明，最大ergotropy不随系统规模线性增加，而零ergotropy的区间在较大系统中逐渐被修改和抑制。我们还研究了平均热光子数和不同初始原子态的影响。增加热光子数主要降低相对熵的贡献，而初始态强烈影响ergotropy的大小和持续性。在所考虑的态中，部分纠缠态提供最大且更持久的可提取功，而混合GHZ态给出最小的ergotropy。这些结果突显了多体关联、热效应和态制备在控制量子功提取中的重要性，并可能对未来量子电池和量子功率的研究有用。
英文摘要
We investigate the dynamics of quantum ergotropy in a multipartite system of two-level atoms interacting with a quantized field. The role of multipartite quantum mutual information and quantum relative entropy is analyzed to understand how correlations and the distinguishability between the passive state and the product of local states affect the extractable work. Numerical results for systems containing two to five atoms show that the maximum ergotropy does not increase linearly with the system size, while the intervals of zero ergotropy are gradually modified and suppressed for larger systems. We also study the effect of the average thermal photon number and different initial atomic states. Increasing the thermal photon number mainly reduces the relative-entropy contribution, whereas the initial state strongly influences both the magnitude and persistence of ergotropy. Among the considered states, the partially entangled state provides the largest and more persistent extractable work, while the mixed GHZ state gives the smallest ergotropy. These results highlight the importance of multipartite correlations, thermal effects, and state preparation in controlling quantum work extraction and may be useful for future studies of quantum batteries and quantum power.
