发表机构
Aligarh Muslim University（阿里加尔穆斯林大学）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
本研究利用 ALICE 探测器数据，通过 $\nu_{\mathrm{dyn}}[+,-]$ 变量分析不同碰撞系统中的净电荷逐事件涨落，发现其随系统增大而平滑下降且与能量无关，并与多种模型计算结果进行了比较。
AI 中文摘要
对重离子碰撞中净电荷、净重子数和奇异数等守恒量的逐事件涨落的研究，为理解夸克-胶子等离子体（QGP）的性质以及强相互作用物质的相图提供了见解。通过分析 CERN 大型强子对撞机上 ALICE 探测器收集的数据，研究了 $\/sqrt{s} = 13$ 和 $13.6$ TeV 的 pp 碰撞以及 $\/sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}} = 5.36$ TeV 的 OO、Ne-Ne 和 Pb-Pb 碰撞中净电荷的逐事件涨落。分析采用变量 $\nu_{\mathrm{dyn}}[+,-]$ 进行，该变量因其对探测器效率损失的鲁棒性而被选用。观测到的 $\nu_{\mathrm{dyn}}[+,-]$ 对带电粒子密度的依赖显示出，从较小到较大碰撞系统，$\nu_{\mathrm{dyn}}[+,-]$ 的幅度呈平滑的、与能量无关的下降。$\nu_{\mathrm{dyn}}[+,-]$ 的负值表明，异号电荷粒子对之间的关联相对于同号电荷粒子对产生的关联占主导地位。由于已知 $\nu_{\mathrm{dyn}}[+,-]$ 对多重性具有内在依赖性，因此应用了适当的缩放。该变量因此按平均多重性 $\frac{1}{\frac{1}{\langle N_+ \rangle} + \frac{1}{\langle N_- \rangle}}$ 进行缩放。还研究了缩放后的 $\nu_{\mathrm{dyn}}[+,-]$ 值对带电粒子密度的依赖。结果与 PYTHIA、EPOS4、AMPT 和 HIJING 的模型计算进行了比较。
英文摘要
Investigations involving the event-by-event fluctuations of conserved quantities, like net charge, net baryon number, and strangeness in heavy-ion collisions, provide insights into the properties of quark-gluon plasma (QGP) and the phase diagram of strongly interacting matter. Event-by-event fluctuations of net electric charge in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 13$ and $13.6$ TeV and for OO, Ne-Ne, and Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}} = 5.36$ TeV are studied by analysing the data collected by the ALICE detector at CERN Large Hadron Collider. The analysis is carried out in terms of the variable $ν_{\mathrm{dyn}}[+,-]$, chosen for its robustness against detector efficiency losses. The observed dependence of $ν_{\mathrm{dyn}}[+,-]$ on the charged-particle density shows a smooth, energy-independent decrease in the magnitude of $ν_{\mathrm{dyn}}[+,-]$ from smaller to larger collision systems. The negative values of $ν_{\mathrm{dyn}}[+,-]$ indicate a dominance of correlations between oppositely charged particle pairs compared with those arising from like-sign charge pairs. Since $ν_{\mathrm{dyn}}[+,-]$ is known to have an intrinsic dependence on multiplicity, an appropriate scaling is applied. The variable is therefore scaled with the mean multiplicities, $\frac{1}{\frac{1}{\langle N_+ \rangle} + \frac{1}{\langle N_- \rangle}}$. The dependence of the scaled values of $ν_{\mathrm{dyn}}[+,-]$ on charged particle density is also looked into. The results are compared with model calculations from PYTHIA, EPOS4, AMPT and HIJING.
Comments6 pages, 1 figure. Proceedings of the 14th Edition of the Large Hadron Collider Physics Conference (LHCP2026), Paris, France, 18-22 May 2026. For the ALICE Collaboration
