发表机构
Montana State University; University of Virginia（蒙大拿州立大学; 弗吉尼亚大学）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
本文提出一个各向异性唯象流体模型，用于高效构建球对称大质量玻色子星，通过拟合各向异性轮廓和有效状态方程，将计算成本降低约10倍，并提供Python求解器。
AI 中文摘要
玻色子星是研究最充分的奇异致密天体之一，也是少数可以从第一性原理研究其形成机制和动力学行为的黑洞模拟体之一。构建玻色子星解通常比构建中子星解更具挑战性，往往需要要么对振荡频率进行极其精确的初始猜测，要么使用计算密集的松弛方法来求解场方程。在强耦合极限下，大质量玻色子星可以有效地描述为完美流体构型，从而能够使用类似于为中子星开发的方法来构建它们。在本文中，我们放宽了强耦合假设，推导了一个唯象的各向异性流体模型，用于球对称大质量玻色子星，该模型在广泛的模型参数范围内仍然适用。我们提供了各向异性轮廓和有效状态方程的即用型拟合，它们以中心标量场振幅和自相互作用耦合常数与标量场质量平方之比为变量。为了验证该模型，我们使用标准的中子星构建方法计算了玻色子星的质量和半径，并将结果与完整的玻色子星计算结果进行了比较。我们发现两种方法之间具有极好的一致性，而新方法将计算成本降低了约10倍。我们的唯象流体框架为构建球对称大质量玻色子星并计算其可观测属性提供了一种高效且准确的方法。我们提供了一个即用型的Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkoff求解器的Python实现，允许用户在该框架内构建玻色子星构型。
英文摘要
Boson stars are among the best-studied exotic compact objects and constitute one of the few black-hole mimickers for which both the formation mechanism and dynamical behavior can be investigated from first principles. Constructing boson star solutions is generally more challenging than constructing neutron star solutions, often requiring either extremely accurate initial guesses for the oscillation frequency or the use of computationally intensive relaxation methods to solve the field equations. In the strong-coupling limit, massive boson stars can be described effectively as perfect- fluid configurations, enabling their construction using methods analogous to those developed for neutron stars. In this paper, we relax the strong-coupling assumption and derive a phenomenological anisotropic-fluid model for spherically symmetric massive boson stars that remains applicable over a broad range of model parameters. We provide ready-to-use fits for both the anisotropy profile and the effective equation of state in terms of the central scalar-field amplitude and the ratio of the self-interaction coupling constant to the squared scalar-field mass. To validate the model, we compute the masses and radii of boson stars using a standard neutron-star construction approach and compare the results against full boson-star calculations. We find excellent agreement between the two methods, while the new approach reduces the computational cost by a factor of about 10. Our phenomenological fluid framework offers an efficient and accurate method for constructing spherically symmetric massive boson stars and computing their observable properties. We provide a ready-to-use Python implementation of the Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkoff solver, allowing users to construct boson star configurations within the proposed framework.
Comments9 pages, 7 figures
