发表机构
The University of Tokyo; Japan Atomic Energy Agency; High Energy Accelerator Research Organization; Tohoku University（东京大学; 日本原子能研究开发机构; 高能加速器研究机构; 东北大学）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
本研究开发了结合$^3$He中子自旋过滤器和二维探测器的极化中子衍射装置，用于测量非共线不相称磁序，并在Mn$_3$WO$_6$上验证了其有效性。
AI 中文摘要
极化中子散射已广泛用于研究凝聚态物质中的磁序。该技术的典型装置是带有铁磁单晶单色器和分析器的三轴谱仪，适用于水平散射面内的逐点测量。然而，该装置无法完全满足近期对具有涌现交叉关联现象的复杂磁序研究的需求。例如，多铁性材料、磁性斯格明子和其他拓扑非平凡磁序往往具有沿倒空间不同方向传播的不相称磁调制矢量，这些无法通过仅限于水平散射面的测量来捕获。为克服这些限制，我们开发了一种结合$^3$He中子自旋过滤器（$^3$He-NSF）和二维（2D）探测器的实验装置，从而能够分析偏离水平面散射的中子的极化。我们还建立了一套数据归约程序，将二维强度图转换为倒空间中的三维强度分布，并校正了不完美$^3$He极化的影响。该方法应用于多铁性材料Mn$_3$WO$_6$的单晶衍射测量，该材料表现出复杂的不相称磁序。我们成功观察到了面外不相称磁反射的极化依赖强度，证明了该方法在分析复杂磁结构方面的有效性。
英文摘要
Polarized neutron scattering has been widely used for studying magnetic orders in condensed matter. A typical setup for this technique is a triple-axis spectrometer with a ferromagnetic single-crystal monochromator and analyzer, which is suited for point-by-point measurements within the horizontal scattering plane. However, this setup cannot fully meet the demands of recent studies on complex magnetic orders with emergent cross-correlated phenomena. For instance, multiferroics, magnetic skyrmions, and other topologically nontrivial magnetic orders tend to have incommensurate magnetic modulation vectors running along various directions in reciprocal space, which cannot be captured by measurements restricted to the horizontal scattering plane. To overcome these limitations, we have developed an experimental setup combining a $^3$He neutron spin filter ($^3$He-NSF) and a two-dimensional (2D) detector, which enables us to analyze the polarization of neutrons scattered away from the horizontal plane. We also establish a data reduction procedure to convert the 2D intensity maps into three-dimensional intensity distributions in reciprocal space, correcting for the effect of imperfect $^3$He polarization. This method is applied to single-crystal diffraction measurements on the multiferroic material Mn$_3$WO$_6$, which exhibits complex incommensurate magnetic orders. We have successfully observed polarization-dependent intensities of out-of-plane incommensurate magnetic reflections, demonstrating the effectiveness of the present method for analyzing complex magnetic structures.
