葡萄牙中部天空亮度评估："Aldeias do Xisto"暗夜目的地案例研究
Assessment of sky brightness in central Portugal: the Dark Sky destination "Aldeias do Xisto" case study
- University of Évora（埃武拉大学）
- KLM（荷兰皇家航空公司）
- University of the Azores（亚速尔大学）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。
AI总结：
本研究利用卫星遥感与实地测量，评估葡萄牙中部片岩村庄地区的暗夜天空亮度，确认最暗点亮度为21.4 mag/arcsec²，并支持该地区自2018年获得暗夜星空旅游目的地认证。
AI中文摘要：
本研究结合遥感技术、开放空间数据和实地测试，推导天文和气象参数，评估葡萄牙中部山区内陆迄今未研究的片岩村庄地区的暗夜天空亮度。研究覆盖2012-2017年期间，建立了该地区常规光污染和天空亮度研究的方法，利用卫星图像降低成本和时间，提高最终分析的准确性。来自Suomi-NPP卫星上VIIRS仪器的长期夜间人工光（ALAN）数据，以及从MODIS/AQUA卫星数据推断的云量和地形数据，在地理信息系统（GIS）环境中进行分析。推导出的ALAN值与初步场地调查选择一致，确认了该地区识别出的暗夜天空地点的准确性。分析区域面积达1624平方公里，其中最暗地点的天空亮度为21.4星等/平方角秒。地面SQM光度计对天顶夜间天空亮度（NSB）的观测验证了卫星推导的ALAN数据。所设计的实地测试本身是一种低成本解决方案，可供发展中国家的团队在开发当地天文台和天文旅游活动之前轻松评估暗夜天空潜力。这项研究支持了该地区自2018年起作为暗夜星空旅游目的地的初步认证，这是葡萄牙中部暗夜保护的重要里程碑。
英文摘要：
A combination of remote sensing techniques, open space data and field testing was developed to derive astronomical and meteorological parameters and assess Dark Sky brightness of the hitherto unstudied Schist Villages region in the mountainous Interior Center of Portugal. This study covered the period 2012-2017 and established the methodology for regular light pollution and sky brightness studies in the region using satellite imagery to reduce cost and time and increase accuracy of the final analysis. Long-term Artificial Light At Night (ALAN) data from VIIRS instrument aboard the Suomi-NPP satellite along with cloud cover inferred from MODUS/AQUA satellite data and orographic data, were analyzed in a Geographical Information Systems (GIS) environment. The derived ALAN values were consistent with a preliminary site survey selection, confirming the accuracy of the identified dark sky spots in the region. The analyzed region area spans 1624 Km$^2$ and the darkest site within it showed a sky brightness of 21.4 mag/arcsec$^2$. Ground-based SQM photometer observations of the Night Sky Brightness (NSB) at the zenith validated the satellite derived ALAN data. The devised field testing is itself a low cost solution that can be used by teams in developing countries to easily assess dark sky potential prior to the development of local observatories and astro-tourism activities. This study supported the initial certification of this region as a Dark Sky Starlight Tourist Destination since 2018, an important milestone for dark sky protection in central Portugal.
