发表机构
University of Toronto（多伦多大学）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
本文提出在BEC波包中引入动量啁啾以平衡相互作用引起的腔频移，从而在物质波FP干涉中实现可观测的双稳态与增强透射谱，为物质波开关和高精度速度测量提供新方案。
AI 中文摘要
虽然法布里-珀罗（FP）腔干涉仪是现代光学中的标准工具，但类似的物理现象也可以在物质波（如玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体（BECs））中观察到。BEC中的原子间碰撞可以引发非线性特征，例如用于干涉实验的多值透射谱。在物质波模拟FP干涉测量中，相互作用效应的观测尚未在实验上实现，这主要是由于相互作用引起的腔共振位移导致透射峰展宽。在这项工作中，我们从理论上证明，通过在BEC波包中工程化动量啁啾可以克服这一限制。通过在透射过程中平衡这种啁啾与腔的动态平均场能量位移，我们预测了由于相互作用辅助隧穿而增强的共振谱和双稳态特征，这些特征在其他情况下是无法获得的。我们表明，这种物理现象可以很容易地用准一维冷原子BEC与形成腔的一对光诱导高斯势垒碰撞来观测。我们还基准测试了所需的最优啁啾，并表征了在相互作用共振处近不连续FP透射谱的对比度。我们的发现使得实现物质波开关协议和高精度速度测量等技术成为可能；我们提供了后者可达到灵敏度的估计。
英文摘要
While a Fabry-Perot (FP) cavity interferometer is a standard tool in modern optics, analogous physics can also be observed with matter waves such as Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs). Interatomic collisions in BECs can induce nonlinear features such as multi-valued transmission spectra for interferometry experiments. Observation of interaction effects in the matter-wave analogue of FP interferometry has not yet been experimentally achieved, mostly due to broadening of transmission peaks by interaction-induced shifts of cavity resonances. In this work, we theoretically show that this limitation can be overcome by engineering a momentum chirp in a BEC wavepacket. By balancing this chirp against the dynamical mean-field energy shift of the cavity during transmission, we predict enhanced resonant spectra and bistability features due to interaction-assisted tunneling that would be otherwise inaccessible. We show that this physics is readily observable with quasi-one-dimensional BECs of cold atoms colliding with a pair of light-induced Gaussian potential barriers forming the cavity. We also benchmark the requisite optimum chirp needed and characterize the contrast of near-discontinuous FP transmission spectra at an interacting resonance. Our findings enable the realization of technologies like matter-wave switching protocols, and high-precision velocity measurements; estimates of achievable sensitivity for the latter are provided.
Comments9+8 pages, 5+1 figures
