归一化线性泛函的量子读出复杂度
Quantum Readout Complexity for Normalized Linear Functionals
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中文总结 AI 辅助
该论文研究量子算法中从振幅编码的解估计归一化线性泛函的读出复杂度,提出目标依赖的敏感度参数并给出最优副本数,证明固定测量可达到最优速率,并分析多种接口变体的影响。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
量子数值算法通常将正解 $q$ 编码在量子态的振幅中,而所需的科学输出是 $q$ 的归一化线性泛函。基测量产生的概率由解的平方值决定,而泛函使用的是解本身的值。我们研究了 $F_\phi(q)=\int\phi q\\\\,\mathrm d\nu/\int q\\\\,\mathrm d\nu$ 这一输出接口问题的复杂度,并确定了一个依赖于目标的敏感度 $\chi_\phi$,它控制着所需解状态副本的数量。对于固定的正参考态及其邻域,未知状态副本的最优数量为 $\Theta\\\\!\left(\chi_0\varepsilon^{-2}\log(1/\beta)\right)$,其中 $\varepsilon$ 是绝对误差容限,$\beta$ 是允许的失败概率。我们证明两个固定的单副本测量能达到相同的速率。然后我们分析了当接口保留经典信息、使用自适应分配、提供相干访问或限制允许的解族时,这一基线如何变化。因此,$\chi_\phi$ 量化了使用编码在 $L^2$ 归一化量子态中的解来估计 $L^1$ 归一化线性可观测量的核心成本。
英文摘要
Quantum numerical algorithms often encode a positive solution $q$ in the amplitudes of a quantum state, while the required scientific output is a normalized linear functional of $q$. Basis measurements produce probabilities determined by squared solution values, while the functional uses the solution values themselves. We study the complexity of this output-interface problem for $F_ϕ(q)=\intϕq\,\mathrm dν/\int q\,\mathrm dν$ and identify a target-dependent susceptibility $χ_ϕ$ that governs the amount of copies of the solution state needed. For a fixed positive reference state and a neighborhood around it, the optimal number of unknown-state copies is $Θ\!\left(χ_0\varepsilon^{-2}\log(1/β)\right)$, where $\varepsilon$ is the absolute error tolerance and $β$ is the allowed failure probability. We show that two fixed single-copy measurements attain the same rate. We then analyze how this baseline changes when the interface retains classical information, uses adaptive allocation, supplies coherent access, or restricts the allowed solution family. Therefore $χ_ϕ$ quantifies a central cost of using a solution encoded in an $L^2$-normalized quantum state to estimate an $L^1$-normalized linear observable.
发表机构
- Peking University(北京大学)
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