发表机构
Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Natural Sciences（数学、物理与自然科学学院）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
本论文研究引力散射振幅在高能和共线极限下的行为，提取次多Regge冲击因子，构建弹性H核及其辐射扩展，并联系经典散射与辐射可观测量。
AI 中文摘要
本论文研究了引力散射振幅的高能和共线行为及其与经典散射和辐射可观测量之间的关系。多Regge运动学，以强快度排序为特征，提供了主导对数结构的因子化构建块。将此排序放宽到次多Regge运动学，允许两个相邻粒子具有可比较的快度，并提供了进入次主导对数精度的实发射构建块。我们从纯引力子的树级MHV振幅中提取了次多Regge冲击因子，并推导了其引力分裂函数。然后，我们使用BCFW递推关系重构了两个有质量标量散射并发射一个引力子的五点树级振幅。其高能极限产生了有质量标量-引力子冲击因子，并通过KMOC形式，给出了主导高能共线波形的表示。最后，通过跨幺正割缝缝合相关顶点，我们构建了弹性H核、其辐射扩展以及一个经典的次多Regge核。后者在多Regge极限中重现了标准H核，在软极限中重现了普遍的Weinberg流。
英文摘要
In this thesis we study the high-energy and collinear behaviour of gravitational scattering amplitudes and their relation to classical scattering and radiation observables. Multi-Regge kinematics, characterised by a strong rapidity ordering, provides the factorised building blocks governing the leading logarithmic structure. Relaxing this ordering to next-to-multi-Regge kinematics allows two neighbouring particles to have comparable rapidities and provides the real emission building blocks entering at next-to-leading logarithmic accuracy. We extract the next-to-multi-Regge impact factor from tree-level MHV amplitudes for pure gravitons and derive its gravitational splitting functions. We then use BCFW recursion relations to reconstruct the five-point tree amplitude for two massive scalars scattering with the emission of one graviton. Its high-energy limit yields the massive scalar--graviton impact factor and, through the KMOC formalism, a representation of the leading high-energy collinear waveform. Finally, by sewing the relevant vertices across unitarity cuts, we construct the elastic \(H\) kernel, its radiative extension and a classical next-to-multi-Regge kernel. The latter reproduces the standard \(H\) kernel in the multi-Regge limit and the universal Weinberg current in the soft limit.
