发表机构
Dalian University of Technology; Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU); University of California, Irvine（大连理工大学; 埃尔朗根-纽伦堡弗里德里希·亚历山大大学; 加州大学尔湾分校）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
针对像素天线阵列互耦导致模型失配的问题，提出互耦感知的电磁与信号处理协同设计框架，通过统一电路建模和交替优化算法提升MU-MISO系统下行和速率。
AI 中文摘要
可重构像素天线阵列通过实现辐射响应的硬件级自适应，为无线传输提供了额外的电磁（EM）自由度。在实际阵列中，单元间互耦（MC）会改变依赖于开关状态的响应，导致不考虑互耦的设计与实际耦合阵列信道不匹配。为解决这一问题，我们提出了一种面向下行多用户多输入单输出（MU-MISO）系统的互耦感知电磁与信号处理协同设计框架。整个像素天线阵列被建模为一个统一的多端口电路网络，该网络联合表征馈电端口和开关控制的像素端口。通过将计算机仿真技术（CST）工作室套件仿真提取的阻抗矩阵与全阵列开路远场响应相结合，我们构建了一个依赖于开关状态的电磁域信道，该信道明确捕获了天线内部像素耦合和单元间互耦。基于该模型，我们针对二进制开关状态向量和发射预编码器制定了和速率最大化问题。为解决由此产生的混合整数非凸问题，我们开发了一种交替优化算法，其中二进制开关状态向量通过序贯穷举块优化（SEBO）更新，而发射预编码器则使用分数规划（FP）进行优化。基于CST的仿真表明，所提出的互耦感知设计优于不考虑互耦、无互耦和传统贴片阵列的基线。这些结果表明，准确的互耦建模不仅对于减少模型失配至关重要，而且对于利用实际像素天线阵列的耦合嵌入式响应也至关重要。
英文摘要
Reconfigurable pixel antenna arrays provide additional electromagnetic (EM) degrees of freedom for wireless transmission by enabling hardware-level adaptation of radiation responses. In practical arrays, inter-element mutual coupling (MC) alters the switch-state-dependent responses, causing MC-unaware designs to be mismatched with the realized coupled-array channels. To address this issue, we propose an MC-aware EM and signal-processing co-design framework for downlink multi-user multiple-input single-output (MU-MISO) systems. The full pixel antenna array is modeled as a unified multi-port circuit network that jointly characterizes the feed ports and switch-controlled pixel ports. By combining the impedance matrix extracted from Computer Simulation Technology (CST) Studio Suite simulations with the full-array open-circuit far-field responses, we construct a switch-state-dependent EM-domain channel that explicitly captures both intra-antenna pixel coupling and inter-element MC. Based on this model, we formulate a sum-rate maximization problem over the binary switch-state vector and the transmit precoder. To address the resulting mixed-integer non-convex problem, we develop an alternating optimization algorithm in which the binary switch-state vector is updated via sequential exhaustive block optimization (SEBO), while the transmit precoder is optimized using fractional programming (FP). CST-based simulations show that the proposed MC-aware design outperforms MC-unaware, MC-free, and conventional patch-array baselines. These results demonstrate that accurate MC modeling is essential not only for reducing model mismatch, but also for exploiting the coupled embedded responses of practical pixel antenna arrays.
Comments7 pages, 5 figures, fonference
