发表机构
Nagoya University（名古屋大学）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
本研究将保守物种加权方案扩展至DSMC反应流，通过分裂-合并与概率方法处理不同权重粒子，在OREX飞行条件下验证了宏观流场，并准确预测了电子数密度与通信黑障起始。
AI 中文摘要
保守物种加权方案使直接模拟蒙特卡罗（DSMC）方法能够解析弱电离流动中的痕量物种，如电子和离子。本研究将该方案扩展到反应流，利用分裂-合并概念处理具有物种依赖权重的粒子。不同权重物种之间的反应性碰撞根据其各自的权重进行处理，引入整数个产物粒子的产生，并对反应物和产物粒子采用概率方法以满足质量守恒。该扩展方案在单胞解离和交换反应测试案例中进行了验证，验证了质量与总能守恒以及摩尔分数历史与常规DSMC的一致性。该扩展提供了预测高超声速再入期间高空通信黑障发生所需的电子数密度。该方法应用于轨道再入实验（OREX）飞行条件，高度从105.0公里到92.8公里。平动温度和内部温度与常规DSMC结果吻合良好，验证了宏观流场计算的正确性。该方案实现了痕量电子数密度的连续空间分布，与飞行数据中观察到的通信黑障起始一致。计算出的离子电流再现了飞行静电探针数据的总体趋势。量化了飞行器表面离子复合以及N+O缔合电离速率不确定性的影响，计算电流的范围涵盖了现有测量值。105.0公里案例将预测扩展到现有测量之外，与总体趋势一致。
英文摘要
The conservative species weighting scheme enables the direct simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) method to resolve trace species such as electrons and ions in weakly ionized flows. The present study extends this scheme to reacting flows, utilizing a split-merge concept for particles with species-dependent weights. Reactive collisions between differently weighted species are processed according to their respective weights, introducing the production of an integer number of product particles and a probabilistic approach applied to both reactant and product particles to satisfy mass conservation. The extended scheme was validated in single-cell dissociation and exchange reaction test cases, verifying mass and total energy conservation and the mole-fraction histories against conventional DSMC. This extension provides the electron number density required for predicting the onset of communication blackout at high altitudes during hypersonic reentry. The method was applied to the Orbital Re-entry Experiment (OREX) flight conditions from 105.0 km to 92.8 km altitude. Translational and internal temperatures showed good agreement with conventional DSMC results, validating the macroscopic flow-field computation. The scheme enabled continuous spatial distributions of trace electron number density, consistent with the communication blackout onset observed in the flight data. The computed ion current reproduced the overall trend of the in-flight electrostatic probe data. The influences of the ion recombination at the vehicle surface and of the uncertainty of the N + O associative-ionization rate were quantified, and the range of the computed currents encompassed the available measurements. The 105.0 km case extended the prediction beyond available measurements, consistent with the overall trend.
Comments41 pages, 12 figures. Accepted for publication in Journal of Applied Physics
Journal refJournal of Applied Physics 140, 133303 (2026)
