发表机构
ASTRON, Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy; Anton Pannekoek Institute for Astronomy, University of Amsterdam; Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie; Australia Telescope National Facility, CSIRO; LPC2E, OSUC, Univ Orleans, CNRS, CNES, Observatoire de Paris; Space Science Division, Naval Research Laboratory; Centre for Astrophysics and Supercomputing, Swinburne University of Technology（荷兰射电天文研究所; 阿姆斯特丹大学安东·潘内科克天文学研究所; 马克斯·普朗克射电天文研究所; 澳大利亚望远镜国家设施，CSIRO; 奥尔良大学 LPC2E 实验室; 海军研究局空间科学分部; 斯威本科技大学天体物理学与超级计算中心）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
利用364颗年轻脉冲星18年的计时数据，通过DM变化约束电离星际介质湍流，发现多数变化符合Kolmogorov湍流，并识别出21颗短期DM变化超预期的脉冲星。
AI 中文摘要
脉冲星色散量（DM）的时间变化探测了电离星际介质（IISM）中自由电子密度的波动。虽然毫秒脉冲星的DM变化已被广泛研究，但年轻脉冲星因其视线（LoS）穿过超新星遗迹、脉冲星风云和其他湍流环境，提供了互补的探测手段。然而，对年轻脉冲星DM变异性进行系统研究仍然有限。本文中，我们表征了大量年轻脉冲星的时间DM变化，以约束其视线方向上IISM的湍流，并探究观测到的变异性的物理起源。我们分析了使用Murriyang/Parkes射电望远镜获得的364颗年轻脉冲星的18年计时观测数据，将来自21厘米多波束接收机的历史数据与来自超宽带低频（UWL）接收机的最新观测相结合。从分频带到达时间中提取了逐历元的DM测量值，并使用线性趋势和DM结构函数来表征变异性，并将其与Kolmogorov湍流的预期进行了比较。在UWL数据中的89颗脉冲星和多波束数据中的23颗脉冲星中检测到显著的DM变化，其中合并数据集中的16颗显示出显著趋势。这是脉冲星DM变异性研究中规模最大的长基线研究之一。我们发现了初步证据，表明观测到的DM变化主要与Kolmogorov湍流一致。PSRs J1105-6107和J1829-1751显示出由周期性轮廓变异性驱动的估计DM变化。我们还识别出21颗明亮的、缓慢的脉冲星，其短期DM变化超过了IISM的预期。
英文摘要
Temporal variations in the dispersion measure (DM) of pulsars probe fluctuations in the free-electron density of the ionized interstellar medium (IISM). While DM variations have been studied extensively in millisecond pulsars, young pulsars provide a complementary probe due to their lines of sight (LoSs) intersecting supernova remnants, pulsar wind nebulae, and other turbulent environments. However, systematic studies of DM variability in young pulsars remain limited. In this paper, We characterize the temporal DM variations of a large population of young pulsars to constrain the turbulence of the IISM along their LoSs and to investigate the physical origins of the observed variability. We analyzed 18 years of timing observations of 364 young pulsars obtained with the Murriyang/Parkes radio telescope, combining legacy data from the 21 cm Multibeam receiver with recent observations from the ultra-wideband low-frequency (UWL) receiver. Epoch-wise DM measurements were derived from sub-banded times of arrival, and the variability was characterized using linear trends and DM structure functions, which were compared with expectations for a Kolmogorov turbulence. Significant DM variations are detected in 89 pulsars in the UWL data and in 23 pulsars in the multibeam data, with 16 in the combined dataset showing significant trends. This represents one of the largest long-baseline studies of DM variability in pulsars. We find tentative evidence that the observed DM variations are predominantly consistent with Kolmogorov turbulence. PSRs J1105-6107 and J1829-1751 show estimated DM variations driven by periodic profile variability. We also identify 21 bright, slow pulsars exhibiting short-term DM variations that exceed expectations from the IISM.
CommentsAccepted for publication in A&A
Journal refA&A, 714, A142 (2026)
DOI：10.1051/0004-6361/202660370
