多层惠更斯超表面对飞秒激光脉冲的在线色散控制
In-line Dispersion Control of Femtosecond Laser Pulses by Multilayer Huygens' Metasurfaces
- Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena（耶拿弗里德里希·席勒大学）
- Australian National University（澳大利亚国立大学）
- Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Optics and Precision Engineering IOF（弗劳恩霍夫应用光学和精密工程研究所）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。
AI总结：
本研究实验展示了多层惠更斯超表面实现对飞秒激光脉冲的在线色散控制，无需空间分离光谱成分，累积相位达8π，群延迟色散约3969 fs²，有效补偿啁啾并压缩脉冲，提供紧凑可扩展的集成平台。
AI中文摘要：
色散是超快系统中的关键限制因素，因为它会改变超短光脉冲的时间结构。传统的色散补偿技术虽然被广泛使用，但依赖于多个笨重光学组件的组合以及复杂、长的传播路径，这给集成到紧凑光子平台带来了挑战。在光谱重叠的电偶极和磁偶极共振的惠更斯机制下工作的全介质共振超表面，为在亚波长尺度上进行低损耗色散控制提供了一条有前景的途径；然而，单层所能实现的色散从根本上受限于其相位梯度和光谱带宽。在此，我们通过实验展示了使用多层介电惠更斯超表面架构对飞秒激光脉冲进行在线色散控制，无需像傅里叶平面色散补偿方案中通常采用的那样对其光谱成分进行空间分离。相位色散在堆叠层中累积，总相位接近8π，对应的最大群延迟色散约为3969 fs²。这能够有效补偿输入啁啾，并在电信波长范围内实现飞秒激光脉冲的显著压缩。重要的是，超表面堆叠作为一个紧凑的透射元件，可直接插入光束路径中。总体而言，我们的结果为集成脉冲压缩和超快色散工程建立了一个紧凑、可扩展的平台。
英文摘要：
Dispersion is a key limiting factor in ultrafast systems as it modifies the temporal structure of ultrashort optical pulses. Conventional dispersion compensation techniques, though widely used, rely on a combination of several bulky optical components and complex, long propagation paths, posing challenges for integration into compact photonic platforms. All-dielectric resonant metasurfaces operating in the Huygens' regime of spectrally overlapping electric and magnetic dipolar resonances offer a promising route to low-loss dispersion control at the sub-wavelength scale; however, the achievable dispersion from a single layer remains fundamentally limited by its phase gradient and spectral bandwidth. Here, we experimentally demonstrate in-line dispersion control of femtosecond laser pulses using a multilayer architecture of dielectric Huygens' metasurfaces, without requiring spatial separation of their spectral components, as typically employed in Fourier-plane dispersion compensation schemes. The phase dispersion accumulates across stacked layers approaching a total of 8pi, corresponding to a maximum group delay dispersion of around 3969 fs2. This enables efficient compensation of the input chirp and results in a significant compression of femtosecond laser pulses in the telecom wavelength range. Importantly, the metasurface stack functions as a single compact transmissive element, which is simply inserted into the beam path. Overall, our results establish a compact, scalable platform for integrated pulse compression and ultrafast dispersion engineering.
