基于同步压缩小波变换和局部自适应相减滤波的地滚波压制
Ground roll suppression based on the synchrosqueezed wavelet transform and local adaptive subtraction filtering
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中文总结 AI 辅助
针对低频段地滚波与反射信号重叠时常规滤波效果不佳的问题，提出集成同步压缩小波变换与局部自适应相减滤波的时频域压制方法，在合成及实际数据上有效衰减地滚波并保持反射振幅。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
地滚波压制在陆地地震数据处理中仍是一个挑战，尤其是当强面波能量在低频段与有效反射事件显著重叠时。常规方法，如频率-波数（F-K）滤波、基于Radon变换的方法以及其他空间滤波技术，在此类条件下往往因分辨率有限和振幅保持不佳而难以取得满意效果。为解决这一问题，提出了一种集成同步压缩小波变换（SSWT）与局部自适应相减滤波的时频域地滚波压制方法。首先，利用SSWT将地震道从时间-空间域变换到时间-频率域，该变换提供高度集中的时频表示。基于地滚波噪声和有效反射信号在时频域中的不同分布特征，提取地滚波模型。随后，应用局部自适应相减滤波器调整所提取地滚波模型的振幅和相位，并将校正后的模型从原始地震数据中减去，以获得最终压制结果。对合成和实际地震数据的应用表明，所提方法能有效衰减地滚波能量，同时最大限度地保留反射信号的振幅和波形特征。与常规基于时频的地滚波压制方法相比，所提方法表现出更优的振幅保真度和改进的噪声衰减性能。
英文摘要
Ground roll suppression remains a challenge in land seismic data processing, particularly when strong surface wave energy exhibits significant overlap with effective reflection events in the low frequency band. Conventional approaches, such as frequency-wavenumber (F-K) filtering, Radon transform-based methods, and other spatial filtering techniques, often fail to achieve satisfactory results under such conditions due to limited resolution and poor amplitude preservation. To address this problem, a time-frequency domain ground roll suppression method that integrates the synchrosqueezed wavelet transform (SSWT) with local adaptive subtraction filtering is proposed. First, seismic traces are transformed from the time-space domain into the time-frequency domain using SSWT, which provides a highly concentrated time-frequency representation. Based on the distinct distribution characteristics of ground roll noise and effective reflection signals in the time-frequency domain, a ground roll model is extracted. Subsequently, a local adaptive subtraction filter is applied to adjust the amplitude and phase of the extracted ground roll model, and the corrected model is subtracted from the original seismic data to obtain the final suppressed result. Applications to both synthetic and field seismic data demonstrate that the proposed method effectively attenuates ground roll energy while maximally preserving the amplitude and waveform characteristics of reflection signals. Compared with conventional time-frequency-based ground roll suppression approaches, the proposed method exhibits superior amplitude fidelity and improved noise attenuation performance.
发表机构
- Chengdu University of Technology（成都理工大学）
- State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation, Chengdu University of Technology（油气藏地质及开发工程国家重点实验室（成都理工大学））
- College of Geophysics, Chengdu University of Technology（成都理工大学地球科学学院）
- Key Laboratory of Earth Exploration and Information Technology of Ministry of Education, Chengdu University of Technology（教育部地球探测与信息技术重点实验室（成都理工大学））
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