数据同化与机器学习的接口
The interface of data assimilation and machine learning
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中文总结 AI 辅助
本文综述了数据同化与机器学习接口这一新兴领域，涵盖主要主题与方法，强调DA对混沌系统预报的关键作用。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
数据同化（DA）是将模型预报与观测相结合，以最优估计系统状态的过程。这对于混沌系统（如大气）至关重要，因为如果不持续同化观测数据，模型将迅速失去技能。全球业务预报中心通常定期（通常每6小时）进行数据同化。本文讨论了机器学习（ML）与数据同化的接口。这仍是一个新兴且快速发展的领域，本文试图概述一些主要主题和方法。
英文摘要
Data assimilation (DA) is the process of combining forecasts from a model with observations in order to optimally estimate the state of a system. This is critical for chaotic systems, such as the atmosphere, since if observations are not continually assimilated the model will quickly lose skill. DA is routinely performed (usually every 6 hours) at operational forecasting centres around the world. In this article we discuss the interface of machine learning (ML) and DA. This is still an emerging and quickly developing field, and this article tries to give an overview of some of the main topics and methods.
