发表机构
University of California at Berkeley; Berkeley SETI Research Center; Department of Physics, University of Oxford（加州大学伯克利分校; 伯克利SETI研究中心; 牛津大学物理系）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
本文回顾突破聆听项目首个十年，总结其从定向巡天到全共生观测的架构演进，并提炼出商用硬件、开放数据、共生验证等工程经验，展望SKA时代技术特征搜索。
AI 中文摘要
突破聆听（Breakthrough Listen，BL）项目于2015年7月启动，由突破奖基金会提供为期10年、1亿美元的资助，是迄今进行的最全面的技术特征搜索。本文从设施和仪器的角度回顾了该项目第一个十年：数字后端和数据记录器、信号处理流水线、数据档案以及使科学成为可能的天文台合作伙伴关系。我们将这十年划分为三个架构时代。在第一代（2016-2019年），BL在100米绿岸望远镜和64米帕克斯望远镜上部署了分组化原始电压宽带记录器，实现了对数千颗邻近恒星在约0.7-8 GHz范围内的定向巡天。在网络扩展阶段（2020-2023年），BL将其仪器扩展到合作伙伴设施，包括撒丁岛射电望远镜和国际LOFAR站点，并开发了验证框架，这些框架在该项目最受关注的信号候选出现时被证明至关重要。自2023年以来，BL已进入完全共生时代：基于以太网、商用GPU的后端搭载在常规天文台运行上：位于卡尔·G·扬斯基甚大阵列（VLA）的COSMIC，一个复兴的艾伦望远镜阵列，部署了实时深度学习流水线，以及在MeerKAT（BLUSE；自2022年年中以来超过120万次指向）上的自主多波束共生巡天。在这十年中，以越来越高的速率捕获数据迫使采用系统化的压缩和归档方法；截至2026年3月，存储设施在四大洲的七个系统上增长到约42 PB的容量（约31 PB已使用）。我们以工程经验教训（使用商用硬件而非定制硬件，开放数据作为一等要求，共生科学作为后端验证，以及在使用前构建验证框架）以及对SKA时代共生技术特征科学的展望作为结论。
英文摘要
Breakthrough Listen (BL), launched in July 2015 with a 10-year, \$100M commitment from the Breakthrough Prize Foundation, is the most comprehensive search for technosignatures ever conducted. This paper reviews the program's first decade from the facilities and instrumentation perspective: the digital backends and data recorders, the signal-processing pipelines, the data archive, and the observatory partnerships that made the science possible. We organize the decade into three architectural eras. In Generation 1 (2016--2019), BL deployed packetized raw-voltage wideband recorders on the 100-m Green Bank Telescope and the 64-m Parkes telescope, enabling targeted surveys of thousands of nearby stars across $\sim$0.7--8 GHz. In a network-expansion phase (2020--2023), BL extended its instrumentation to partner facilities including the Sardinia Radio Telescope and international LOFAR stations, and developed verification frameworks that proved essential when the program's highest-profile signal candidates emerged. Since 2023, BL has operated in a fully commensal era: Ethernet-based, commodity-GPU backends riding on routine observatory operations: COSMIC at the Karl G. Jansky VLA, a revived Allen Telescope Array with deployed real-time deep-learning pipelines, and an autonomous multi-beam commensal survey at MeerKAT (BLUSE; $>$1.2 million pointings since mid-2022). Over the decade, capturing data at ever higher rates forced a systematic approach to compression and archiving; the storage estate grew to $\sim$42 PB of capacity ($\sim$31 PB in use) across seven systems on four continents by March 2026. We conclude with engineering lessons (commodity hardware over bespoke hardware, open data as a first-class requirement, commensal science as backend validation, and verification frameworks built before they are needed) and with the outlook for SKA-era commensal technosignature science.
CommentsKeynote paper (Rudolf Pesek Lecture), 55th IAA Symposium on the Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence (SETI), Session A4.1 "SETI Science and Technology". Presented at the 77th International Astronautical Congress (IAC 2026), Antalya, Türkiye, 5-9 Oct 2026; to appear in the IAC proceedings. 11 pages, 2 figures, 2 tables
