发表机构
Western Sydney University; The University of Sydney; Visa Cash App Racing Bulls Formula One Team; Liverpool John Moores University; Pawsey Supercomputing Research Centre; University of Durham（西悉尼大学; 悉尼大学; Visa Cash App红牛二队F1车队; 利物浦约翰摩尔斯大学; Pawsey超级计算研究中心; 杜伦大学）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
利用EAGLE模拟研究星系尺度宜居环境，发现早期高恒星形成率星系最危险，而银河系是典型宜居星系，高效创造宜居时间且灾难概率低。
AI 中文摘要
宇宙中生命最有可能在何时何地形成？我们利用EAGLE宇宙学流体动力学模拟来研究星系尺度上宜居宇宙环境的普遍性与特性。我们的观测者出现模型依赖于主序恒星、金属的产生与分布以及宜居行星的形成。我们还考虑了五种可能终结生命的进程：核坍缩超新星、Ia型超新星、恒星-恒星相互作用、伽马射线暴和类星体。我们刻画了宇宙在宜居行星上创造的时间量，以宇宙中单位重子质量和恒星质量计，作为星系质量和星系中心距离的函数。正如预期，早期宇宙中新生、高恒星形成率的星系最为危险。现今的银河系是宜居星系的典型：高效创造宜居时间，且宇宙灾难概率低。
英文摘要
When and where is life most likely to form in the universe? We use the EAGLE cosmological hydrodynamical simulations to investigate the prevalence and properties of life-friendly cosmic environments on galactic scales. Our model for the occurrence of observers depends on main-sequence stars, the production and distribution of metals, and the formation of habitable planets. We also take into account five potentially life-extinguishing processes: core-collapse supernovae, Type Ia supernovae, star-star interactions, gamma ray bursts and quasars. We characterise the amount of time that the universe creates on habitable planets per unit mass of baryons and stars in the universe, as a function of galaxy mass and galactocentric distance. As expected, early universe, newly formed, high star formation rate galaxies are the most dangerous. The present-day Milky Way is typical of habitable galaxies: efficient creation of habitable time, and low probability of cosmic catastrophes.
Comments13 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
