白皮书:用于检验量子引力自旋纠缠判据的1-10 Hz物质波干涉仪
White paper: 1-10 Hz matter-wave interferometer to test the spin entanglement witness for quantum gravity
- University College London(伦敦大学学院)
- David Potter Institute for Quantum Information and Spacetime, University College London(伦敦大学学院大卫·波特量子信息与时空研究所)
- Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, University of Ljubljana(卢布尔雅那大学数学与物理学院)
- Van Swinderen Institute, University of Groningen(格罗宁根大学范斯温德伦研究所)
- University of Wrocław(弗罗茨瓦夫大学)
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Waterloo(滑铁卢大学物理与天文系)
- Waterloo Centre for Astrophysics, University of Waterloo(滑铁卢大学滑铁卢天体物理中心)
- Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics(基础物理研究所)
- Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon (IP2I)(里昂双无限物理研究所)
- Department of Physics, Stockholm University(斯德哥尔摩大学物理系)
机构由 AI 辅助整理,请以论文原文为准。
AI总结:
该白皮书提出利用1-10 Hz频段的物质波干涉仪,通过量子引力诱导质量纠缠协议检验引力量子性,并强调抑制低频噪声至10^-15 m s^-2/√Hz以下的关键要求。
AI中文摘要:
在本白皮书中,我们强调了(1-10 Hz)频率范围对于利用量子引力诱导的质量纠缠(QGEM)协议进行引力量子性质实验室测试的重要性。QGEM要求物质波干涉仪的质量(m~10^-15-10^-14 kg),间距(d~30-50 μm),同时保持(1-20 μm)的空间叠加态和(τ~0.1-1 s)的相干时间。这些要求使得低频环境噪声成为核心实验挑战,并将QGEM置于与爱因斯坦望远镜(ET)和宇宙探索者(CE)低频目标密切相关的领域。特别是,QGEM对由地震和其他环境质量密度波动产生的相对加速度噪声(RAN)和重力梯度噪声(GGN)敏感。对于代表性参数m=10^-14 kg,Δx=10 μm,τ=1 s,差分加速度噪声幅度谱密度必须抑制在10^-15 m s^-2/√Hz水平以下,以将加速度引起的退相干保持在相关实验尺度以下。因此,实现这种水平的低频噪声抑制是QGEM的关键要求,并且与ET和CE所解决的地震和重力梯度噪声挑战密切相关。
英文摘要:
In this white paper, we highlight the importance of the ($1-10~{\rm Hz}$) frequency range for laboratory tests of the quantum nature of gravity using the quantum gravity-induced entanglement of masses (QGEM) protocol. QGEM requires matter-wave interferometers with masses ($m\sim10^{-15}-10^{-14}~{\rm kg}$), brought within separations ($d\sim30-50~μ{\rm m}$), while maintaining spatial superpositions of ($1-20~μ{\rm m}$) and coherence for ($τ\sim 0.1 - 1~{\rm s}$). These requirements make low-frequency environmental noise a central experimental challenge and place QGEM in a regime closely related to the low-frequency goals of the Einstein Telescope (ET) and the Cosmic Explorer (CE). In particular, QGEM is sensitive to relative acceleration noise (RAN) and to gravity-gradient noise (GGN) generated by seismic and other environmental mass-density fluctuations. For representative parameters $m=10^{-14}~{\rm kg}$, $Δx=10~μ{\rm m}$, and $τ=1~{\rm s}$, the differential acceleration-noise amplitude spectral density must be suppressed well below the $10^{-15}~{\rm m\,s^{-2}/\sqrt{Hz}}$ level to keep acceleration-induced dephasing below the relevant experimental scale. Achieving this level of low-frequency noise suppression is therefore a key requirement for QGEM and closely parallels the seismic and gravity-gradient noise challenges that ET and CE address.