发表机构
Universidad de Guanajuato（瓜纳华托大学）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
受标准模型三代启发，提出三种无相互作用的超轻费米子作为暗物质，用SPARC数据测试，该三组分模型能更好拟合复杂旋转曲线，且被多数星系偏好。
AI 中文摘要
受标准模型中三代粒子的启发，我们提出暗物质粒子就是三种无相互作用的超轻费米子。该模型在星系尺度上使用SPARC旋转速度曲线目录进行了测试。具体做法是将暗物质晕建模为三种引力耦合费米子物种的自引力结构。这种结构能够形成更复杂的旋转曲线，从而灵活描述星系旋转曲线更复杂多样的形态。晕核由简并费米子描述，而从简并核到非简并晕的过渡则由类完美流体晕或NFW密度轮廓描述。为了构建三费米子模型的先验，我们首先进行了单费米子分析，并针对两种晕类型获得了约20、40和65-70 eV的三个特征质量区间。结果发现，三组分费米子模型改善了所考虑星系中94.9%的拟合优度。为了评估尽管增加了复杂性，额外参数是否因相应的拟合改进而受到青睐，我们计算了AICc和BIC信息准则，发现所分析星系中超过50%更偏好三组分费米子模型而非单费米子模型。三费米子模型尤其受到具有更大径向范围和更复杂旋转曲线的星系的青睐。多组分费米子暗扇区能够描述大量多样的旋转曲线，同时在整个星系样本中保持特征费米子质量尺度。
英文摘要
Inspired by the three generations in the Standard Model, we propose that dark matter particles are simply three non-interacting ultralight fermions. This model is tested at galactic scales with the SPARC catalog of rotational velocity curves. This is done by modeling the dark matter halo as the self-gravitating configuration of three gravitationally coupled fermion species. This configuration is capable of forming more complex rotational curves which gives it flexibility to describe more complex and diverse morphologies of galaxy rotation curves. The core of the halos will be described by degenerate fermions and the transitions from a degenerate core to a non-degenerate halo will be described by either a perfect-fluid-like halo or a NFW density profile. In order to construct the priors of the three-fermion model, first we performed a single-fermion analysis and obtained three characteristic mass regions around 20, 40, and 65-70 eV, for both halo types. It is found that the three-component fermion model improves the goodness of fit for 94.9\% of the galaxies considered. To estimate if the additional parameters are favored despite the added complexity by the corresponding improvement in the fit, the information criteria of AICc and BIC were computed and we found that more than $50\%$ of the galaxies analyzed prefer the three-component fermion model over a single fermion model. The three-fermion model is particularly favored for galaxies with larger radial extent and more complex rotation curves. The multicomponent fermionic dark sector is able to describe a large diversity of rotation curves while maintaining characteristic fermion mass scales across the galaxy sample.
