发表机构
University of Calgary; UC Berkeley; Simons Institute; University of Warwick; University of California San Diego; Yale University; Toulouse School of Economics(卡尔加里大学; 加州大学伯克利分校; 西蒙斯研究所; 华威大学; 加州大学圣迭戈分校; 耶鲁大学; 图卢兹经济学院)
机构由 AI 辅助整理,请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
本文提出两种反对称化量子算法,分别使用O(r/λ_min)和O(r/λ_min)个副本,适用于流式与非流式场景,并应用于态生成器归约、Schur采样及纯度放大,在部分参数区间优于现有方法。
AI 中文摘要
我们考虑未知混合量子态的反对称化计算任务:给定秩为 $r$ 的 qudit 态 $\rho=\sum_{i=1}^r \lambda_i |\varphi_i\rangle\\!\langle\varphi_i|$ 的 iid 副本,制备一个与 $\Pi_{\mathrm{anti}}^r (|\varphi_1\rangle\otimes \ldots\otimes|\varphi_r\rangle)$ 成正比的态副本,其中 $\Pi_{\mathrm{anti}}^r$ 是反对称子空间投影算子。我们首先给出一个简单的反对称化算法,该算法使用 $\widetilde{O}(r / \lambda_{\min})$ 个 $\rho$ 的副本,其中 $\lambda_{\min}$ 是 $\rho$ 的最小非零特征值。该算法即使在具有小工作内存的流式设置中也能工作,并且仅使用简单的量子操作,如受控-SWAP 和恒定数量的单量子比特门层。作为这种流式反对称化过程的应用,我们给出了从有能隙混合态单向态生成器到纯态单向态生成器的归约。然后,利用 Schur-Weyl 对偶性的工具,我们给出并分析了第二种(非流式)反对称化过程,该过程使用 $O(r / \lambda_{\min})$ 个 $\rho$ 的副本,这随后作为新算法中的构建块,用于弱 Schur 采样和酉 Schur 采样,在副本数 $n$ 和局部维度 $d$ 的某些范围内优于现有方法,也用于 qudit 态的最优纯度放大算法。
英文摘要
We consider the computational task of anti-symmetrization of an unknown mixed quantum state: Given iid copies of a rank-$r$ qudit state $ρ=\sum_{i=1}^r λ_i |φ_i\rangle\!\langleφ_i|$, prepare a copy of the state proportional to $Π_{\mathrm{anti}}^r (|φ_1\rangle\otimes \ldots\otimes|φ_r\rangle)$, with $Π_{\mathrm{anti}}^r$ the anti-symmetric subspace projector. We first give a simple algorithm for anti-symmetrization that uses $\widetilde{O}(r / λ_{\min})$ copies of $ρ$, where $λ_{\min}$ is the minimum non-zero eigenvalue of $ρ$. This algorithm works even in the streaming setting with small working memory, and it uses only simple quantum operations like controlled-SWAPs and constantly many layers of single-qubit gates. As an application of this streaming anti-symmetrization procedure, we give a reduction from gapped mixed-state one-way state generators to pure-state one-way state generators. Then, using tools from Schur-Weyl duality, we give and analyze a second (non-streaming) anti-symmetrization procedure that uses $O(r / λ_{\min})$ copies of $ρ$, which then serves as a building block in new algorithms for weak Schur sampling and unitary Schur sampling, outperforming existing approaches in some regimes of number of copies $n$ and local dimension $d$, as well as in an algorithm for optimal purity amplification for qudit states.
Comments35 pages