发表机构
Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines)（印度理工学院（印度矿业学院））
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
本文在带电大$D$膜范式中，通过计算膜速度散度的次领头阶修正并构造膜熵流，证明了其散度非负，从而建立了黑洞动力学的局部第二定律。
AI 中文摘要
大$D$膜范式提供了黑洞动力学的微扰、非引力描述。虽然中性膜的局部热力学第二定律已经确立，但在带电大$D$膜框架内，局部熵产生方程的显式确定仍未解决。在本文中，我们计算了平坦背景中带电黑洞膜速度散度的次领头阶修正。我们通过非仿射零Raychaudhuri方程在物理事件视界处评估相应的标量Einstein-Maxwell约束方程，并将物理视界表达式与辅助膜运动学联系起来，证明膜速度在膜世界体的第一个非消失阶产生非负散度，该散度由两个二次型驱动：膜剪切和由Maxwell场纯粹产生的新贡献。利用这一结果，我们构造了膜熵流，并证明其散度在该阶内非负，从而建立了带电大$D$膜范式的局部第二定律。
英文摘要
The large-$D$ membrane paradigm provides a perturbative, non-gravitational description of black hole dynamics. While the local second law of thermodynamics has been established for neutral membranes, the explicit determination of the local entropy production equation within the charged large-$D$ membrane framework remains unsolved. In this paper, we compute the subleading-order correction to the divergence of the membrane velocity for a charged black hole in a flat background. We evaluate the corresponding scalar Einstein-Maxwell constraint equation at the physical event horizon via the non-affine null Raychaudhuri equation, and relate the physical horizon expressions to the auxiliary membrane kinematics, demonstrating that the membrane velocity produces a non-negative divergence at the first non-vanishing order in the membrane worldvolume, which is driven by two quadratic forms: the membrane shear and a novel contribution generated purely by the Maxwell field. Using this result, we construct the membrane entropy current and prove that its divergence is non-negative through this order, thereby establishing the local second law for the charged large-$D$ membrane paradigm.
Comments22 pages
