发表机构
CNR - Institute for SuPerconductors, INnovative materials, and devices (SPIN)（意大利国家研究委员会超导、创新材料与器件研究所（SPIN））
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
本文提出组合贝叶斯框架，量化SNSPD复用系统中局部光子数分辨率的增益，证明多态分辨可系统提升保真度并放宽探测器数量与可分辨光子数的二次缩放，为多态阵列提供信息价值评估。
AI 中文摘要
我们开发了一个组合与贝叶斯框架，用于量化基于超导纳米线单光子探测器（SNSPDs）的复用探测系统中，提高局部光子数分辨率所获得的信息量。受近期将光子数分辨能力归因于单个SNSPD、克服典型开关探测机制的研究启发，我们通过推导基于具有任意可分辨状态数的SNSPD的复用系统的概率响应张量，推广了现有针对二元器件的表述。我们通过二项损失卷积包含有限效率，并分别评估暗计数的影响。从该响应张量，我们推导出广义的N光子探测器保真度、贝叶斯光子数重建以及相应的重建保真度。我们将此表述具体应用于研究具有不同探测器数量的2态、3态和4态复用系统，并表明提高局部光子数分辨率系统性地改善了探测器保真度和贝叶斯光子数重建。这大大放宽了纯二元复用阵列所需的探测器数量与可分辨光子数之间的二次方缩放关系。这些结果为多态光子数分辨探测器阵列提供了定量的信息价值评估。
英文摘要
We develop a combinatorial and Bayesian framework to quantify the information gained by increasing the local photon-number resolution of multiplexed detection systems based on superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs). Motivated by recent studies that attribute photon-number resolving capabilities to a single SNSPD overcoming the typical on/off detection mechanism, we generalize the existing formulation for the binary devices by deriving the probability response tensor of multiplexed systems based on SNSPDs with an arbitrary number of resolvable states. We include finite efficiency through binomial loss convolution and, separately, assess the impact of dark counts. From this response tensor we derive a generalized N-photon detector fidelity, a Bayesian photon-number reconstruction, and the corresponding reconstruction fidelity. We particularize this formulation to study 2-, 3- and 4-state multiplexed systems with different numbers of detectors and show that increasing local photon-number resolution systematically improves both detector fidelity and Bayesian photon-number reconstruction. This substantially relaxes the quadratic scaling between detector number and resolvable photon-number required by purely binary multiplexed arrays. These results provide a quantitative value-of-information assessment for multi-state photon-number-resolving detector arrays.
Comments16 pages, 5 figures, 1 appendix
