AI 中文总结
本文定义自动化突破为储蓄足以资助持续自动化的条件，分析人工劳动积累的融资渠道及其对劳动收入的影响，指出接近完全自动化时总劳动收入收缩但平均收入仍正。
AI 中文摘要
自动化何时能成为经济上自我维持的过程？我们将“自动化突破”定义为实物资本和人工劳动所产生的储蓄足以资助持续自动化的条件。人工劳动在生产中类似劳动，但在积累中类似资本，从而形成一个能够支持进一步投资的收入基础。我们刻画了突破及其动态可行性，表明生产率和要素收入构成提供了不同的融资渠道。人工劳动积累强化了支持突破的储蓄基础，而其对劳动收入的影响则随其与人类劳动的替代性而改变符号。在接近完全自动化时，总劳动收入可能因人类工作岗位减少而收缩，而幸存岗位的平均劳动收入仍保持正值或上升。对工人融资的最优依赖可能开始下降，尽管它仍提供正的当前净收益。
英文摘要
When does automation become an economically self-sustaining process? We define \emph{automation breakaway} as the condition under which saving generated by physical capital and artificial labour is sufficient to finance continued automation. Artificial labour is labour-like in production but capital-like in accumulation, creating an income base that can support further investment. We characterise breakaway and its dynamic viability, showing that productivity and factor-income composition provide distinct financing channels. Artificial-labour accumulation strengthens the saving base supporting breakaway, while its effect on labour income changes sign with substitutability with human labour. Near full automation, aggregate labour income can contract through fewer human-filled jobs while average labour income in surviving jobs remains positive or rises. Optimal reliance on worker finance can begin to decline while it still provides a positive current net benefit.
