发表机构
Phenikaa University; National Economics University; Khalifa University of Science and Technology; Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf(Phenikaa 大学; 国民经济大学; 哈利法科学技术大学; 杜塞尔多夫海因里希·海涅大学)
机构由 AI 辅助整理,请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
本文研究了三元估值下最大化最差智能体效用的物品分配问题,给出了加性、混合加性和子模估值下的算法、近似及困难性结果,解决了多个开放问题。
AI 中文摘要
我们研究在 agents(智能体)的物品价值或边际价值属于小集合时,计算最大化 egalitarian welfare(平等福利,即最差智能体的效用)的物品分配问题。对于取值在 $\{p,q\}$ 中的加性估值,其中 $q>p>0$ 且 $\gcd(p,q)=1$,当 $p=2$ 时我们给出多项式时间算法,并证明当 $p\geq 3$ 时存在常数间隙的 hardness(困难性),即使每个智能体恰好有三个高价值物品也是如此。我们还对常见的正双值加性估值给出 $\sqrt{3/2}$ 近似算法。对于取值在 $\{-p,0,c\}$ 中的混合加性估值,其中 $p\in\{1,2\}$ 且 $c$ 为正整数,通过归约到最大权重完美匹配解决了 $\{-2,0,c\}$ 估值的猜想可处理性。对于边际值在 $\{-2,0,c\}$ 中的子模估值,其中 $c$ 为奇数,我们建立了精确的单位间隙 hardness(困难性)结果和指数级 value-query(值查询)下界,即使除一个智能体外所有智能体都是加性的。最后,对于 $\{-1,0,1\}$ 子模估值,我们证明除非 $\p=\np$,否则不存在有限乘法近似。总之,我们的结果解决了开放问题,并为三元估值下最大最小分配的计算复杂性提供了完整图景。
英文摘要
We study the problem of computing an allocation of indivisible items that maximizes egalitarian welfare, i.e., the utility of the worst-off agent, when agents' item values or marginal values belong to a small set. For additive valuations with values in $\{p,q\}$, where $q>p>0$ and $\gcd(p,q)=1$, we give a polynomial-time algorithm when $p=2$ and prove constant-gap hardness when $p\geq3$, already with exactly three high-valued goods per agent. We also give an $\sqrt{3/2}$-approximation for common positive bi-valued additive valuations. For mixed additive valuations in $\{-p,0,c\}$, where $p\in\{1,2\}$ and $c$ is a positive integer, a reduction to maximum-weight perfect matching resolves the conjectured tractability of $\{-2,0,c\}$-valuations. For submodular valuations with marginals in $\{-2,0,c\}$, where $c$ is odd, we establish an exact unit-gap hardness result and exponential value-query lower bounds, even when all but one agent are additive. Finally, for $\{-1,0,1\}$-submodular valuations, we prove that no finite multiplicative approximation exists unless $\p=\np$. Together, our results resolve open questions and provide a complete picture of the computational complexity of max-min allocation with ternary valuations.