发表机构
Travel Statistics Bureau（旅行统计局）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
基于ACS数据，研究美国2006-2024年单程通勤时间分布、模式差异及与欧洲比较，发现2024年平均27.2分钟，通勤铁路为驾车2.68倍，并报告在家工作比例变化。
AI 中文摘要
平均通勤时间是美国社区调查（ACS）中被引用最多的统计指标之一，然而其分布、对出行方式和出发时间的依赖以及与其他测量基准的关系却很少被同时呈现。利用ACS一年期表格，我们报告称，2024年美国16岁及以上未在家工作的工人平均单程通勤时间为27.2分钟，而2006年为25.0分钟，2019年达到峰值27.6分钟，2021年为25.6分钟。将已发布的汇总分钟数除以工人数，通勤铁路、长途列车和渡轮乘客平均为71.0分钟，是独自驾车者26.5分钟的2.68倍，所有公共交通方式平均为49.5分钟。2024年，9.3%的通勤者（约1330万人）单程通勤时间达60分钟或以上，3.0%达90分钟或以上；在早上5:00至5:29之间出发的通勤者平均通勤时间为35.1分钟。各州平均值从纽约的33.2分钟到北达科他州的17.5分钟不等，大都市区平均值从纽约的36.5分钟到布法罗的21.5分钟不等。在家工作比例从2019年的5.7%上升至2021年的17.9%，2024年为13.3%。2022年全国家庭出行调查记录的平均通勤行程为13.43英里，平均速度为25.51英里/小时。在不同定义下，2019年欧盟劳动力调查模块给出的欧盟平均通勤时间为25分钟，英国为30分钟，而英格兰的出行日记显示2025年通勤行程为31.5分钟，2002年为26.5分钟。这三种测量基准并列报告，从未合并。所有输入数据均为公开数据。
英文摘要
The mean travel time to work is one of the most cited statistics of the American Community Survey (ACS), yet its distribution, its dependence on mode and departure time and its relation to other measurement bases are rarely set out together. Using ACS 1-year tables, we report that US workers aged 16 and over who did not work from home averaged 27.2 minutes one way in 2024, against 25.0 minutes in 2006, a peak of 27.6 in 2019 and 25.6 in 2021. Dividing published aggregate minutes by workers, commuter rail, long-distance train and ferry riders averaged 71.0 minutes, 2.68 times the 26.5 minutes of solo drivers, and all public transportation 49.5 minutes. In 2024, 9.3% of commuters, about 13.3 million people, travelled 60 minutes or more each way and 3.0% 90 minutes or more; commuters leaving between 5:00 and 5:29 a.m. averaged 35.1 minutes. State means ranged from 33.2 minutes in New York to 17.5 in North Dakota, and big-metro means from 36.5 minutes in New York to 21.5 in Buffalo. Working from home rose from 5.7% of workers in 2019 to 17.9% in 2021 and stood at 13.3% in 2024. The 2022 National Household Travel Survey recorded an average commute trip of 13.43 miles at 25.51 mph. On different definitions, the 2019 EU labour force survey module gave an EU average of 25 minutes and 30 minutes for the United Kingdom, and England's travel diary a commuting trip of 31.5 minutes in 2025 against 26.5 in 2002. The three bases are reported side by side and never pooled. All inputs are public.
Comments12 pages, 5 figures, 4 tables
