高能核碰撞中基于动力学核心-冕初始化的快度依赖电荷动力学
Rapidity-dependent charge dynamics in high-energy nuclear collisions from dynamical core-corona initialization
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中文总结 AI 辅助
本文提出DCCI3模型，统一描述高能核碰撞中守恒电荷的平衡化与输运及夸克-胶子等离子体的形成，发现化学势在快度方向有显著涨落，重子化学势随快度增加，表明快度扫描可作为束能量扫描的补充探针。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
我们开发了一个新模型，该模型统一描述了守恒电荷（包括重子数、电荷和奇异数）的平衡化及后续输运，以及高能核碰撞中夸克-胶子等离子体介质的动力学形成与演化。这是通过扩展最先进的动力学核心-冕初始化模型，在全(3+1)维流体动力学框架内引入守恒电荷的现象学源项实现的；更新后的模型称为DCCI3。因此，该模型同时描述了核心（平衡态）和冕（非平衡态），包括它们之间的相互作用。我们详细介绍了DCCI3模型的构建，并将其用于$\u221A{s_{NN}}=2.76~\u005cmathrm{TeV}$的Pb+Pb碰撞数值模拟，以研究物质和守恒电荷的动力学，特别关注纵向结构。我们发现，每个化学势在中心快度附近表现出相当大的涨落，这对通常假设其为零值的简化观点提出了挑战。此外，重子化学势随快度急剧增加，并在前向快度处变得与温度相当。这表明，高能核碰撞中的快度扫描（RS）方法可以作为束能量扫描（BES）的补充探针，用于探索QCD相图。
英文摘要
We develop a new model that provides a unified description of the equilibration and subsequent transport of conserved charges, including baryon number, electric charge, and strangeness, as well as the dynamical formation and evolution of the quark-gluon plasma medium in high-energy nuclear collisions. This is achieved by extending the state-of-the-art model of dynamical core-corona initialization to incorporate phenomenological source terms for conserved charges within a full (3+1)-dimensional hydrodynamic framework; the updated model is referred to as DCCI3. Consequently, the model simultaneously describes the core (equilibrium) and corona (nonequilibrium), including their mutual interactions. We present a detailed construction of the DCCI3 model and employ it in numerical simulations of Pb+Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=2.76~\mathrm{TeV}$ to investigate the resulting dynamics of matter and conserved charges, with particular emphasis on the longitudinal structure. We find that each of the chemical potentials exhibits sizable fluctuations around midrapidity, which challenges the conventional assumption of vanishing values as an oversimplification. Moreover, the baryon chemical potential increases sharply with rapidity and becomes comparable to the temperature at forward rapidities. This suggests that the Rapidity Scan (RS) approach in high-energy nuclear collisions can serve as a complementary probe to the Beam Energy Scan (BES) in exploring the QCD phase diagram.
发表机构
- Zhejiang Institute of Modern Physics, Department of Physics, Zhejiang University（浙江大学现代物理研究所）
- Department of Physics, Sophia University（上智大学物理学部）
- Department of Space Systems Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology（九州工业大学宇宙系统工学科）
- Akita International University（秋田国际大学）
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