发表机构
Graduate School of Science and Technology, University of Tsukuba; Institute of Systems and Information Engineering, University of Tsukuba（筑波大学理工学研究科; 筑波大学系统信息工学研究院）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
针对数据中心空闲服务器能耗浪费问题，提出带批处理策略的设置队列模型M/M/c/SET--BATCH，通过批量服务与设置时间权衡节能和性能，仿真显示设置时间变异系数大时更优，且允许空闲延迟关闭可提升性能。
AI 中文摘要
数据中心消耗大量能源，其中很大一部分因服务器空闲而浪费。关闭空闲服务器可能是一种有效的节能方案；然而，节能与系统性能之间存在权衡。因此，我们提出一种带有批处理策略的设置队列模型，该策略允许服务器同时处理一组作业，以在保持可接受性能的同时最小化功耗。我们考虑M/M/c/SET--BATCH队列，即具有固定批量大小和设置时间的多服务器批量服务队列，以及一些变体，包括空闲服务器在关闭前延迟的系统或批量大小动态变化的系统。我们分析了M/M/c/SET--BATCH系统及其变体的稳态概率和系统性能。通过利用模型的特殊结构，我们得以以较低的计算复杂度对M/M/c/SET--BATCH系统进行分析。此外，我们使用仿真将M/M/c/SET--BATCH模型与其他具有不同设置时间分布的变体进行比较。结果表明，当设置时间具有较大的变异系数时，该模型表现更好。我们的结果表明，批处理策略增强了系统性能，尤其是当我们允许服务器在关闭前处于空闲状态时。
英文摘要
Data centers consume a large amount of energy, much of which is wasted due to idle servers. Turning off idle servers might be an effective power-saving solution; however, there is a trade-off between energy savings and system performance. Hence, we propose a setup queueing model with a batching policy that allows servers to process a set of jobs simultaneously to minimize power consumption while maintaining acceptable performance. We consider an M/M/c/SET--BATCH queue, a multi-server batch service queue with a fixed batch size and setup times, and some variants, including systems in which idle servers delay before turning off or systems in which the batch size is dynamic. We analyze the steady-state probabilities and system performance of the M/M/c/SET--BATCH system and its variants. Our analysis of the M/M/c/SET--BATCH system with lower computational complexity is made possible by utilizing the special structure of the model. In addition, we use simulations to compare the M/M/c/SET--BATCH model with some other variants with different setup time distributions. The results suggest that the model performs better when the setup time has a larger coefficient of variation. Our results indicate that the batching policy enhances the system performance, especially when we allow servers to be idle before turning them off.
CommentsThis paper is an updated version of the published article, in which the average batch size for the M/M/c/SET-BATCH/Dynamic model has been updated. The conclusions based on the numerical results remain unchanged
Journal refLe-Anh, T. and Phung-Duc, T., "Energy-Performance Tradeoffs in Server Farms with Batch Services and Setup Times," Performance Evaluation, Vol. 168, Article no. 102468, 2025
DOI：10.1016/j.peva.2025.102468
