发表机构
KU Leuven; EnergyVille（荷语鲁汶大学; 能源村）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
本文针对电力系统去中心化转型，提出消费者赋权的六要素定义与量化框架，并综述全球实践，指出其可提升可负担性、灵活性等成果，但面临信息、监管等实施挑战。
AI 中文摘要
向去中心化、数字化和低碳电力系统的转型正在从根本上改变电力消费者的角色。传统上被动的终端用户越来越被期望整合分布式能源资源（DERs）并参与能源管理和需求响应。本文考察了电网中的消费者赋权（CE），特别关注连接到配电网的小型消费者。论文首先讨论了支撑CE日益增长需求的技术、经济和社会驱动因素，包括DER渗透率的提高、供暖和交通的电气化、电网拥堵以及灵活性需求。随后，基于六个要素提出了CE的全面定义：积极参与、增强选择、信息与控制、自动化与可控性、自给自足与韧性，以及共享所有权的能源社区。所提出的CE定义明确考虑了供电安全无法得到保障的弱电网。为支持不同电力系统间的一致性评估，开发了一个基于技术和政策使能器的可用性以及消费者确保供电安全能力的CE量化框架。论文进一步回顾了全球各洲的经验和实施实践，突出了技术准备度、监管支持和供电安全考虑方面的差异。最后，讨论了CE的预期成果和挑战。CE的预期成果包括改善可负担性、灵活性、韧性、市场效率、DER整合和脱碳，而其成功实施需要克服与信息获取、数字素养、可负担性、监管、互操作性、隐私、网络安全和消费者参与相关的障碍。
英文摘要
The transition toward decentralized digitalized and lowcarbon electricity systems is fundamentally changing the role of electricity consumers Traditionally passive endusers are increasingly expected to integrate distributed energy resources DERs and participate in energy management and demand response This paper examines consumer empowerment CE in electricity networks with a specific focus on small consumers connected to distribution networks The paper first discusses the technical economic and societal drivers underlying the growing need for CE including increasing DER penetration electrification of heating and transportation network congestion and flexibility requirements A comprehensive definition of CE is then proposed based on six elements active participation enhanced choice information and control automation and controllability selfsufficiency and resilience and energy communities with shared ownership The proposed CE definition is an explicit consideration of weakgrid where security of supply is not guaranteed To support consistent assessment across different electricity systems a framework for quantifying CE is developed based on the availability of technology and policy enablers and consumers ability to ensure security of supply The paper further reviews global experiences and implementation practices across different continents highlighting variations in technological readiness regulatory support and securityofsupply considerations Finally the expected outcomes and challenges of CE are discussed The expected outcomes of CE are improving affordability flexibility resilience market efficiency DER integration and decarbonization while its successful implementation requires overcoming barriers related to information access digital literacy affordability regulation interoperability privacy cybersecurity and consumer engagement
