发表机构
Princeton University（普林斯顿大学）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
本研究提出主动格点逾渗模型，发现混合逾渗转变，并揭示一种新的逾渗普适类，其临界指数与已知转变不同。
AI 中文摘要
我们研究了一类格点上的动态逾渗模型，其中连接通过一组局部随机规则被添加和移除。特别地，任何可能导致一个连通簇分裂为两个（或更多）独立簇的连接移除都被严格禁止。这些模型包括并受到Chirame等人（PRX Quantum 6, 030363 (2025)）研究的环面码局部量子纠错模型的启发，他们识别出具有一阶特征（如双稳态和不连续序参量）的相变。我们数值上表明该转变是一种混合逾渗转变（HPT），兼具连续逾渗转变的特征（如发散临界簇）和一级转变的不连续性。随后我们将该模型修改为完全各向同性，发现HPT仍然存在。在这两个模型中，HPT一侧的稳态是吸收态；通过开启额外的各向同性局部随机移动，我们消除了吸收态并强烈抑制或移除了一级转变，留下一个显然连续的逾渗转变。奇怪的是，数值观测到的逾渗临界指数在具有混合转变的模型与具有显然连续转变的模型之间没有显著变化。这些指数与已知的逾渗转变显著不同，表明这可能是一个新的普适类。
英文摘要
We investigate a class of dynamic percolation models on a lattice, in which connections are added and removed by a set of local stochastic rules. In particular, the removal of any connection that can result in one connected cluster becoming two (or more) separate clusters is strictly forbidden. These models include and are inspired by a model for local quantum error correction for a toric code studied by Chirame, et al., PRX Quantum 6, 030363 (2025), who identified a phase transition with first-order characteristics, such as bistability and a discontinuous order parameter. We show numerically that this transition is a hybrid percolation transition (HPT), having characteristics of a continuous percolation transition such as diverging critical clusters while at the same transition having discontinuities like a first-order transition. We then modify this model to be fully isotropic, showing that the HPT remains. In both of these models, the steady state on one side of the HPT is an absorbing state; by turning on additional isotropic local stochastic moves, we remove the absorbing state and strongly suppress or remove the first-order transition, leaving an apparently continuous percolation transition. Curiously, the numerically-observed percolation critical exponents do not change significantly between the models with hybrid transitions and the model with an apparently continuous transition. These exponents are significantly different from known percolation transitions, indicating that this may be a new universality class.
Comments15 pages, 15 figures
