发表机构
Southern University of Science and Technology; International Quantum Academy; Shenzhen Branch, Hefei National Laboratory; Ministry of Education Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics Shenzhen University（南方科技大学; 国际量子科学院; 合肥国家实验室深圳分部; 深圳大学微纳光电子教育部重点实验室）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
本文提出一种集成STM定义磷施主团簇阵列与片上微磁体的可扩展硅量子处理器架构，通过磁场梯度增强可寻址性，支持120多个量子比特并实现频率复用，为原子量子比特硅量子计算奠定基础。
AI 中文摘要
硅中的磷施主因其长相干时间和与互补金属氧化物半导体（CMOS）技术的兼容性，成为容错量子计算的有前景平台之一。然而，扩展该平台的一个关键瓶颈在于对单个自旋量子比特的独立可寻址性。在此，我们提出了一种可扩展的量子处理器架构，该架构将扫描隧道显微镜（STM）定义的磷施主团簇阵列与片上微磁体集成在一起。通过产生磁场梯度，与仅基于团簇内构型随机性引起的超精细（HF）相互作用变化的寻址方案相比，微磁体实现了更宽的可寻址频率范围。通过微磁模拟优化微磁体几何形状，我们证明了这些结构与定制阵列设计兼容，促进了超过120个原子自旋量子比特的集成，并实现了使用单个微波天线的频率复用，这大大减少了扇出寻址线路的开销。该设计通过磁测量进一步验证，测量结果与我们的微磁模拟总体一致。这些结果为开发具有原子量子比特的可扩展硅量子计算奠定了关键基础。
英文摘要
Phosphorus donors in silicon are one of the promising platforms for fault-tolerant quantum computing, owing to their long coherence times and compatibility with complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) technology. However, a key bottleneck for scaling this platform lies in the independent addressability of individual spin qubits. Here, we present a scalable quantum processor architecture that integrates scanning tunneling microscope (STM)-defined phosphorus donor-cluster arrays with on-chip micromagnets. By generating magnetic field gradients, the micromagnets enable a broader addressable frequency range compared to the addressing scheme based solely on variations in hyperfine (HF) interactions, which arise from the randomness of intra-cluster configurations. Through micromagnetic simulations to optimize micromagnet geometry, we demonstrate that these structures are compatible with customized array designs, facilitating the integration of over 120 atomic spin qubits and enabling frequency multiplexing with a single microwave antenna, which greatly reduces the overhead of fan-out addressing lines. This design is further validated via magnetic measurements, which generally align with our micromagnetic simulations. These results establish a critical foundation for the development of scalable silicon quantum computing with atomic qubits.
Comments12 pages, 4 figures
Journal refChinese Physics B ae4b29(2026)
