发表机构
Hainan University; Nanjing University of Science and Technology; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Southeast University（海南大学; 南京理工大学; 上海交通大学; 东南大学）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
本文提出利用可升降可旋转天线阵列增强海事通信中的定向调制，通过联合优化预编码、阵列高度与方向等参数最大化最坏情况保密速率，并分别用交替优化和Transformer学习方案求解，实现约90%功率与87%天线节省。
AI 中文摘要
为应对海事通信中传输距离受限和无线通信安全性的双重挑战，本文研究了一种由可升降可旋转天线阵列增强的定向调制网络。具体而言，基站的天线阵列和天线单元可以旋转，天线高度可以调整，在向合法用户传输信息的同时抵抗窃听。此外，还考虑了收发信机硬件损伤。据此，在预编码向量、阵列方向、天线方向和阵列高度的联合优化下，提出了最坏情况下的保密速率最大化问题。为解决这一非凸优化难题，分别针对单用户和多用户场景提出了交替优化方案和基于Transformer的学习方案。仿真结果验证了所提算法的有效性。在优化阵列高度、阵列方向和天线方向后，可获得安全性能增益。此外，与各向同性天线基准相比，基于Transformer的学习方案可实现约90%的功率节省、87%的天线节省，并能服务更多合法用户。
英文摘要
To address the dual challenges of limited transmission distance and wireless communication security in maritime communications, a directional modulation network enhanced by an elevatable and rotatable antenna array is investigated in this paper. Specifically, the base station, whose array and antenna elements can be rotated and whose antenna height can be adjusted, transmits information to legitimate users while resisting eavesdropping. Moreover, transceiver hardware impairments are taken into account. Accordingly, a worst-case secrecy rate maximization problem is formulated under the joint optimization of precoding vectors, array orientation, antenna orientations, and array height. To solve this non-convex optimization challenge, an alternating optimization scheme and a Transformer-based learning scheme are proposed for the single-user and multi-user scenarios, respectively. Simulation results validate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms. Security performance gains can be obtained after optimizing the array height, array orientation, and antenna orientations. In addition, compared with the isotropic antenna benchmark, the Transformer-based learning scheme can achieve approximately 90\% power savings, 87\% antenna savings, and serve more legitimate users.
