发表机构
Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabancı University; School of Arts and Sciences, Qingdao Binhai University（萨贝里大学工程与自然科学学院; 青岛滨海学院文理学院）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
提出二维涡旋雪崩模型，通过陷阱与自由通道解释脉冲星自转突变，定性匹配年轻脉冲星参数及幅度双峰分布。
AI 中文摘要
脉冲星自转突变（glitch）被认为涉及大量被钉扎的涡旋突然脱钉并快速输运，其触发机制可能是中子星星壳固体的破裂。只有当存在快速涡旋运动的通道时，这种涡旋雪崩才能在快速时间尺度上发生。局部涡旋“陷阱”（包含高于平均钉扎涡旋密度的区域）的形成将提供陷阱周围的涡旋自由区域，这些区域可以连接起来形成快速涡旋运动的通道。我们为中子星星壳超流体提出了一个简单的二维模型，其中涡旋钉扎景观被划分为陷阱和周围的涡旋自由区域，这些区域可以连接到方位角方向的快速涡旋运动通道。陷阱和瓦片的大小根据星壳固体和涡旋钉扎的物理特性来估算，即星壳固体的临界应变角和涡旋脱钉的临界速度。脱钉的涡旋随超流体沿方位角方向流动，同时由于相互摩擦而径向向外散射一个小角度。该模型定性地解释了年轻脉冲星的自转突变参数及其演化，并为自转突变幅度分布的双峰性提供了解释。在具有空间不均匀涡旋钉扎景观的涡旋系统上的实验室实验和模拟可能成为脉冲星自转突变更现实的模型。打破空间尺度不变性并监测结果也可能有助于更好地理解钉扎涡旋系统中的集体行为。
英文摘要
Pulsar glitches are thought to involve sudden unpinning and fast transport of large numbers of pinned vortices, possibly triggered by breaking of the neutron star crust solid. Such a vortex avalanche can take place on a fast timescale only if there are pathways for fast vortex motion. Formation of local vortex ``traps'' (regions containing larger than average density of pinned vortices) will provide vortex-free regions surrounding the traps, which can connect to form pathways for fast vortex motion. We propose a simple two-dimensional model for the neutron star crust superfluid, with the vortex pinning landscape tiled into traps and surrounding vortex-free regions which can connect to azimuthal pathways for fast vortex motion. The trap and tile sizes are estimated from the physics of the crust solid and vortex pinning, namely the critical strain angle of the crust solid and the critical velocity for vortex unpinning. Unpinned vortices move with the superfluid flow in the azimuthal direction while also scattering radially outward, by a small angle, due to mutual friction. The model qualitatively explains the glitch parameters and their evolution in young pulsars and provides an explanation for the bi-modality in the distribution of glitch magnitudes. Laboratory experiments and simulations on vortex systems with spatially inhomogeneous vortex pinning landscapes are likely to be more realistic models for pulsar glitches. Breaking the spatial scale-invariance and monitoring the results may also lead to better understanding of collective behaviour in pinned vortex systems in general.
Comments7 pages, 1 figure. Submitted to MNRAS
