人机团队通过语音交互的研究：个体特质与智能体特征的影响

中文摘要 AI 辅助

人机团队是人与智能体相互依赖、共同实现目标的协作系统。此类团队的成功与人类将智能体视为合法队友的感知相关。这种感知被认为不仅取决于智能体的能力和可靠性，还取决于社会因素。我们探讨智能体交际行为的简单改变是否能影响人类对其队友相似性的感知。为此，我们开发了一种基于协作游戏的协议，该游戏需要语音交互，其中人类受试者和虚拟智能体协作识别目标物体并将其放置在板上。每位受试者与两个提供相同任务相关信息但行为不同的智能体互动。一个是中立的工具型智能体，另一个是团队建设型智能体，后者使用简单的社会策略，如共情、礼貌和积极性。我们的分析表明，团队建设型智能体被认为显著更具队友相似性，即使在能力方面也是如此，尽管两个智能体在游戏解决能力上完全相同。此外，对自动化系统信任倾向较高且神经质较低的受试者往往对智能体有更积极的感知。最后，我们发现受试者与团队建设型智能体交谈时倾向于改变其韵律模式，因为基于韵律特征的分类器能够以优于随机的性能预测智能体类型。一个实际相关的结论是，智能体语音交际行为的最小改变，在各种场景中易于实现，能对人类对其队友相似性的感知产生显著的积极影响。

英文摘要

Human-agent teams are collaborative systems where humans and agents work interdependently to achieve shared goals. The success of such teams is associated with the human's perception of the agent as a legitimate teammate. This perception is thought to depend not only on the agent's capabilities and reliability but also on social factors. We explore whether simple changes in an agent's communicative behavior can influence the human's perception of the agent's teammate-likeness. To this end, we developed a protocol based on a collaborative game requiring spoken interaction, in which a human subject and a virtual agent collaborate to identify a target object and place it on a board. Each subject interacted with two agents which provided the same task-relevant information but differed in behavior. While one was a neutral tool-like agent, the other was a team-building agent that used simple social strategies such as empathy, politeness, and positivity. Our analysis shows that the team-building agent was perceived as significantly more teammate-like, even in terms of its ability, despite both agents having identical capabilities for game-solving. Further, subjects with a higher propensity to trust automated systems and lower neuroticism tended to have a more favorable perception of the agent. Finally, we found that subjects tended to change their prosodic patterns when talking to the team-building agent, as a classifier based on prosodic features was able to predict the type of agent with better-than-random performance. A practically relevant conclusion is that minimal changes in spoken communication behavior of the agent, easily implemented in a variety of scenarios, can have a significant positive impact on the human's perception of its teammate-likeness.

发表机构

• Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Computación, UBA-CONICET（布宜诺斯艾利斯大学-国家科学技术研究委员会计算机科学研究所）
• Departamento de Computación, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires（布宜诺斯艾利斯大学精确与自然科学学院计算机系）
• Universidad Nacional de Córdoba（科尔多瓦国立大学）
• Instituto de Educación, Universidad Nacional de Hurlingham, UNAHUR-CONICET（Hurlingham国立大学-国家科学技术研究委员会教育研究所）

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