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SCALES. II. 恒星形成巨团块在 $z = 1 - 4$ 的内部组成

SCALES. II. The Internal Composition of Giant Star-Forming Clumps at $z = 1 - 4$

Boris S. Kalita, Adélaïde Claeyssens, Luis C. Ho, Miroslava Dessauges-Zavadsky, Natascha M. Förster Schreiber, Emanuele Daddi, John D. Silverman, Naval Kishor Bhadari, Changhao Chen, Fangzhou Jiang, Ke Wang, Jinning Liang, Alvaro Segovia Otero, Jinyi Shangguan, Francesco Sinigaglia

arXiv 2610.03867首次发表:更新:

发表机构

Kavli Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics, Peking University; Kavli IPMU (WPI), UTIAS, The University of Tokyo; Univ Lyon, Univ Lyon1, ENS de Lyon, CNRS, Centre de Recherche Astrophysique de Lyon UMR5574; Department of Astronomy, School of Physics, Peking University; Département d’Astronomie, Université de Genève; Max-Planck-Institut fur extraterrestrische Physik; Université Paris-Saclay, Université Paris Cité, CEA, CNRS, AIM; Department of Astronomy, School of Science, The University of Tokyo(北京大学科维理天文与天体物理研究所; 东京大学Kavli宇宙起源研究中心(WPI)/UTIAS; 里昂大学/里昂第一大学/里昂高等师范学院/CNRS/里昂天体物理研究中心; 北京大学物理学院天文学系; 日内瓦大学天文学系; 马克斯·普朗克地外物理研究所; 巴黎萨克雷大学/巴黎西岱大学/法国原子能和替代能源委员会/CNRS/AIM; 东京大学理学部天文学系)

机构由 AI 辅助整理,请以论文原文为准。

AI 中文总结

本研究利用JWST/NIRCam观测23个透镜星系,通过高斯差分分解识别44个巨团块,发现其内部质量组成与随机抽样一致,并揭示团块恒星质量函数在约10^7.4太阳质量处存在斜率断裂。

AI 中文摘要

尺度约为 $\sim0.5-1\\,\mathrm{kpc}$ 的恒星形成结构,被称为“巨”恒星形成团块,在 $z > 1$ 星系的未放大巡天中经常被探测到。通常有两种情景被用来解释它们的存在——真实的物理结构或分辨率导致的伪影——然而区分它们需要表征其内部结构。在这项工作中,作为“恒星形成团块作为分层涌现结构”(SCALES)系列的一部分,我们因此提出一个问题:巨团块内部有什么?我们利用JWST/NIRCam分析了23个 $z=1-4$ 的透镜星系,使用高斯差分分解来建模(透镜)团块在 $\sim 100-300\\,\mathrm{pc}$ 尺度上的结构,以及巨团块尺度上的周围延展成分(EC)。将团块与EC关联后,我们有效地识别出44个巨团块。利用质量最大的成员团块和其余组成团块来表征巨团块的恒星质量组成,我们发现其与宿主星系团块种群的随机抽样一致,因此也与团块恒星质量函数一致。这一结论在定性上与两种主流情景一致——(I)主导性的长寿巨团块,尽管需要其组成成分不断更新,以及(II)巨团块仅仅是混合的团块关联体。然而,大多数模型对其内部质量分布除了数量级陈述外没有强烈主张,因此我们的观测提供了一个经验约束,可据此重新评估这些模型。最后,利用团块和EC的总质量预算,我们发现团块恒星质量函数不能用斜率约为 $\approx 2$ 的单一幂律描述,而需要在 $\sim 10^{7.4}\\,\mathrm{M_{\odot}}$ 处断裂为较平缓的斜率。

英文摘要

Star-forming structures of scale $\sim0.5-1\,\mathrm{kpc}$, dubbed 'giant' star-forming clumps, are routinely detected in unlensed surveys of $z > 1$ galaxies. Two scenarios are usually invoked to explain their existence -- genuine physical structures or resolution-driven artifacts -- yet distinguishing between them requires characterizing their internal structure. In this work, part of the Star-Forming Clumps As Layered Emergent Structures (SCALES) series, we hence ask: What is inside a giant clump? We analyze 23 lensed galaxies at $z=1-4$ with JWST/NIRCam using difference-of-Gaussian decomposition to model (lensed) clumps at $\sim 100-300\,\mathrm{pc}$ scales, and the surrounding extended component (EC) at giant clump scales. Associating clumps to ECs, we effectively identify 44 giant clumps. Characterizing giant clump stellar mass composition using the most massive member clump and the remaining constituent clumps, we find it consistent with random sampling of the host galaxy's clump population, and hence the clump stellar mass function. This conclusion agrees qualitatively with both prevailing scenarios -- (I) dominant long-lived giant clumps, although requiring constant renewal of their constituents, and (II) giant clumps as mere blended clump associations. However, most models make no strong claims about their internal mass distribution beyond order-of-magnitude statements, and our observations thus provide an empirical constraint against which such models can be re-evaluated. Finally, using the total mass budget of clumps and ECs, we find that the clump stellar mass function cannot be described by a single power law of slope $\approx 2$, but requires a break to a shallower slope at $\sim 10^{7.4}\,\mathrm{M_{\odot}}$.

CommentsTo be submitted to ApJ; 18 pages, 14 figures. Companion paper (SCALES.I.) appears on arXiv simultaneously

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