发表机构
Centre for Visual Computing and Intelligent Systems; University of Bradford（视觉计算与智能系统中心; 布拉德福德大学）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
针对俘获离子格点规范理论量子模拟，提出基于噪声率预测设备噪声的方法，推导衰减公式与界限，揭示加热、退相干和量子比特错误对守恒律、干涉及冻结态的不同影响。
AI 中文摘要
最近的一项俘获离子实验实现了一种格点规范理论，其中离子的内部态承载规范场，而它们的振动承载玻色子物质。在该实验中，一个绕环运动的电荷因阿哈罗诺夫-玻姆干涉而被冻结在原位。此类设备的噪声通常是在测量完成后才进行模拟。在此，我们表明可以在机器运行之前对其进行预测。对于实验测量的每个量，我们仅根据所报告的噪声率，推导出其衰减公式以及一个它永远无法超越的界限。结果揭示了一个简单的模式。该理论的局部守恒定律是振动模式的宇称，因此加热会以随模式变暖而增长的速率违反该守恒定律，且违反会加速而非稳定累积。在零电场下，设备的三种噪声过程各自留下独特的指纹。加热仅影响守恒定律，运动退相干仅影响干涉，量子比特错误仅影响存储的通量和冻结态。一旦电场开启，冻结态开始泄漏，我们为该泄漏写出了精确公式和有保证的界限。
英文摘要
A recent trapped-ion experiment realised a lattice gauge theory in which the internal states of the ions carry the gauge field and their vibrations carry bosonic matter. In that experiment, a charge moving around a loop was frozen in place by Aharonov--Bohm interference. The noise of such a device is usually simulated after the measurements have been made. Here we show that it can be predicted before the machine is run. For each quantity that the experiment measures, we derive, from the reported noise rates alone, a formula for how it decays together with a bound it can never exceed. The results reveal a simple pattern. The local conservation law of the theory is a parity of the vibrational mode, so heating violates it at a rate that grows as the mode warms, and the violation accelerates rather than accumulating steadily. At zero electric field, each of the three noise processes of the device leaves its own fingerprint. Heating affects only the conservation law, motional dephasing only the interference, and qubit errors only the stored flux and the frozen state. Once the electric field is switched on, the frozen state begins to leak, and we write an exact formula and a guaranteed bound for that leak.
